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Review
. 2024 Feb 20:15:1355503.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355503. eCollection 2024.

From hyperglycemia to intervertebral disc damage: exploring diabetic-induced disc degeneration

Shuai Li  1   2   3 , Jinpeng Du  1   3 , Yunfei Huang  1   3 , Shenglong Gao  1   2   3 , Zhigang Zhao  1   3 , Zhen Chang  1   3 , Xuefang Zhang  1   3 , BaoRong He  1   3
Affiliations
Review

From hyperglycemia to intervertebral disc damage: exploring diabetic-induced disc degeneration

Shuai Li et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

The incidence of lumbar disc herniation has gradually increased in recent years, and most patients have symptoms of low back pain and nerve compression, which brings a heavy burden to patients and society alike. Although the causes of disc herniation are complex, intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is considered to be the most common factor. The intervertebral disc (IVD) is composed of the upper and lower cartilage endplates, nucleus pulposus, and annulus fibrosus. Aging, abnormal mechanical stress load, and metabolic disorders can exacerbate the progression of IDD. Among them, high glucose and high-fat diets (HFD) can lead to fat accumulation, abnormal glucose metabolism, and inflammation, which are considered important factors affecting the homeostasis of IDD. Diabetes and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulation- can lead to various adverse effects on the IVD, including cell senescence, apoptosis, pyroptosis, proliferation, and Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. While current research provides a fundamental basis for the treatment of high glucose-induced IDD patients. further exploration into the mechanisms of abnormal glucose metabolism affecting IDD and in the development of targeted drugs will provide the foundation for the effective treatment of these patients. We aimed to systematically review studies regarding the effects of hyperglycemia on the progress of IDD.

Keywords: AGEs; Intervertebral disc degeneration; annulus fibrosus; cartilage endplates; high glucose; nucleus pulposus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Possible factors affecting IDD.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Diabetic IDD regulates the biological function of cells.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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