Self-Metallized Whole Cell Vaccines Prepared by Microfluidics for Bioorthogonally Catalyzed Antitumor Immunotherapy

Abstract

Tumor whole cell, carrying a complete set of tumor-associated antigens and tumor-specific antigens, has shown great potential in the construction of tumor vaccines but is hindered by the complex engineering means and limited efficacy to cause immunity. Herein, we provided a strategy for the self-mineralization of autologous tumor cells with palladium ions in microfluidic droplets, which endowed the engineered cells with both immune and catalytic functions, to establish a bioorthogonally catalytic tumor whole-cell vaccine. This vaccine showed strong inhibition both in the occurrence and recurrence of tumor by invoking the immediate antitumor immunity and building a long-term immunity.

Keywords: Bioorthogonal chemistry; Immunotherapy; Microfluidics; Palladium nanocatalyst; Self-mineralization.