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Review
. 2022 Aug;2(2):e83.
doi: 10.52225/narra.v2i2.83. Epub 2022 Aug 1.

Acute severe hepatitis of unknown etiology in children: A mini-review

Andri Frediansyah  1 , Malik Sallam  2   3   4 , Amanda Yufika  5 , Khan Sharun  6 , Muhammad Iqhrammullah  7 , Deepak Chandran  8 , Sukamto S Mamada  9 , Dina E Sallam  10 , Yousef Khader  11   12 , Yohannes K Lemu  13 , Fauzi Yusuf  14 , James-Paul Kretchy  15 , Ziad Abdeen  16 , J Smith Torres-Roman  17 , Yogesh Acharya  18 , Anastasia Bondarenko  19 , Aamer Ikram  20 , Kurnia F Jamil  21 , Katarzyna Kotfis  22 , Ai Koyanagi  23 , Lee Smith  24 , Dewi Megawati  25   26 , Marius Rademaker  27 , Talha B Emran  28 , Ziad A Memish  29   30 , Sandro Vento  31 , Firzan Nainu  9 , Harapan Harapan  32   33   34
Affiliations
Review

Acute severe hepatitis of unknown etiology in children: A mini-review

Andri Frediansyah et al. Narra J. 2022 Aug.

Abstract

The emergence of acute, severe non hepA-E hepatitis of unknown etiology (ASHUE) has attracted global concern owing to the very young age of the patients and its unknown etiology. Although this condition has been linked to several possible causes, including viral infection, drugs and/or toxin exposure, the exact cause remains unknown; this makes treatment recommendation very difficult. In this review, we summarize recent updates on the clinical manifestations, complemented with laboratory results, case numbers with the global distribution and other epidemiological characteristics, and the possible etiologies. We also provide the proposed actions that could be undertaken to control and prevent further spread of this hepatitis. Since many etiological and pathological aspects of the acute non hepA-E hepatitis remain unclear, further research is needed to minimize the severe impact of this disease.

Keywords: Acute non hepA–E hepatitis; clinical manifestations; epidemiological characteristics; outbreak; prevention.

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Conflict of interest statement

All the authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Global distribution of acute severe hepatitis of unknown etiology (ASHUE) in children. Countries in grey have suspected cases (unknown numbers). Specific regions of (A) Europe, (B) Asia, (C) Central America and (D) Middle East are provided separately.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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