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. 2024 Feb 8;16(2):e53832.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.53832. eCollection 2024 Feb.

Analysis of Different Facets of the Rule of 10 for Cleft Lip Repair for Their Application in the Current Era

Sneha Pendem  1 , Raparthi Bhuvan Chandra  2 , Kathiravan Selvarasu  1 , Murugesan Krishnan  1 , Muthusekhar M R  1 , Preethi J  3
Affiliations

Analysis of Different Facets of the Rule of 10 for Cleft Lip Repair for Their Application in the Current Era

Sneha Pendem et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the relevance of the "rule of 10" as a deciding factor preoperatively for patients undergoing cleft lip repair in the Indian sub-continent.

Design: A questionnaire survey was conducted.

Setting: All tertiary cleft care centers in the Indian subcontinent participated in an online questionnaire survey with anesthetic and surgical professionals.

Main outcome: The primary goal of this survey was to determine the relevance and applicability of various aspects of the rule of 10 as a preoperative guideline for determining the timing of cleft lip repair in ASA I infants. The survey also aids in understanding the systemic factors that need to be prioritized and factors that are no longer of primary relevance in defining the timeline to undertake cleft lip repair in infants in the current era.

Results: Surgeons and anesthetists from 31 tertiary cleft centers in India responded to the questionnaire. Specifically, 64.5% do not apply the "rule of 10" for deciding the timing of cleft lip repair, and 77% of the centers reported that cleft lip repair can be taken up in infants with hemoglobin levels in the range of 9-10 g/dL and an average weight of 4.5 kg. The average blood loss in unilateral lip repair ranged between 5 and 10 mL and 10 and 40 mL in children with bilateral lip repair. Three to six months was the average age at which cleft lip repair was undertaken at most of the centers in India.

Conclusion: The rule of 10 is not considered a gold standard by most of the centers in India, and the decision-making was based on the overall physiological status of the patients, the experience of the surgeon, and the anesthetic and post-operative care facilities available at the center.

Keywords: cheiloplasty; hemoglobin; innovative strategies; novel cleft lip repair; pediatric surgery; rule of 10.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Hemoglobin levels in infants reporting for cleft lip repair
Figure 2
Figure 2. Approach to children with low hemoglobin levels
Figure 3
Figure 3. Average volume of blood loss in unilateral cleft lip repair
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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