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Review
. 2024 Mar;48(2):129-139.
doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2023.11.004. Epub 2023 Nov 15.

The pharmacological role of Ginsenoside Rg3 in liver diseases: A review on molecular mechanisms

Wenhong Wang  1   2 , Ke Li  1   2 , Weihua Xiao  1   2
Affiliations
Review

The pharmacological role of Ginsenoside Rg3 in liver diseases: A review on molecular mechanisms

Wenhong Wang et al. J Ginseng Res. 2024 Mar.

Abstract

Liver diseases are a significant global health burden and are among the most common diseases. Ginssennoside Rg3 (Rg3), which is one of the most abundant ginsenosides, has been found to have significant preventive and therapeutic effects against various types of diseases with minimal side effects. Numerous studies have demonstrated the significant preventive and therapeutic effects of Rg3 on various liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, acute liver injury, nonalcoholic liver diseases (NAFLD), liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The underlying molecular mechanism behind these effects is attributed to apoptosis, autophagy, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, and the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. This review provides a comprehensive description of the potential molecular mechanisms of Rg3 in the development of liver diseases. The article focuses on the regulation of apoptosis, oxidative stress, autophagy, inflammation, and other related factors. Additionally, the review discusses combination therapy and liver targeting strategy, which can accelerate the translation of Rg3 from bench to bedside. Overall, this article serves as a valuable reference for researchers and clinicians alike.

Keywords: Combination therapy; Ginsenoside Rg3; Liver diseases; Liver targeting strategy; Molecular mechanisms.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Image 1
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The Chemical structures of 20(S)-Rg3 and 20(R)-Rg3.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Rg3 in the prevention of viral hepatitis.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Mechanisms for Rg3 ameliorating liver injury.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Rg3 in the prevention of non-alcoholic liver diseases.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Mechanisms for Rg3 therapeutic potential in liver cancers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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