A qualitative study exploring the challenges and enablers of pharmacists with a recent background in community pharmacy transitioning into primary care

Abstract

Background: Pharmacists are an increasing part of the primary care health care team in Scotland. Recruitment to this expanding sector has largely come from community pharmacy. However, it is unknown if these pharmacists have specific needs to perform their role within the primary care team.

Aim: To explore the perceived challenges and enablers of community pharmacists transitioning into primary care pharmacist roles.

Method: Eight pharmacists (5 female, 3 male, median age 32) across Scotland's largest regional health board who previously practised in community pharmacy participated in a recorded, semi-structured interview via Microsoft Teams® to explore their challenges and enablers of transition into primary care. Recordings were transcribed, verified, and thematic analysis then undertaken.

Results: Five themes were identified: challenging transition, transferable skills, transferable training from community pharmacy, training needs for primary care role, and benefits of structured learning. Participants reported lack of opportunity to apply their clinical knowledge and for professional development in community pharmacy.

Conclusion: Pharmacists in our study reported a range of challenges (such as examination skills, improved clinical and therapeutics knowledge) required to practice in primary care, while their regular patient contact and knowledge of community pharmacy workings enabled their transition. Previous sectors of practice should be taken into consideration when inducting pharmacists into a new role and background specific inductions may need to be implemented to support these pharmacists work autonomously at an advanced level.

Keywords: Continuing education; General practice; Pharmacy; Primary health care pharmacists; Qualitative research.