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. 2024 Sep 16;109(10):2561-2570.
doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgae153.

Age-related Curves of AMH Using the Gen II, the picoAMH, and the Elecsys Assays in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Federica Barbagallo  1   2 , Kim van der Ham  1 , Sten P Willemsen  3 , Yvonne V Louwers  1 , Joop S Laven  1
Affiliations

Age-related Curves of AMH Using the Gen II, the picoAMH, and the Elecsys Assays in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Federica Barbagallo et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. .

Abstract

Context: Several challenges still exist to adopt the anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) as a marker of polycystic ovary morphology, as included in the recently updated international guideline. Although different evaluations of age- and assay-specific reference ranges have been published in the past few years, these studies have mainly been conducted in normo-ovulatory or infertile women.

Objective: To develop an age-specific percentile distribution of AMH in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) measured by 3 different assays.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Patients: A total of 2725 women aged 20 to 40 years with PCOS diagnosis were included.

Interventions: Serum AMH measurement by the Gen II (Beckman Coulter), the picoAMH (Ansh Labs), and the Elecsys (Roche) assays.

Main outcome measures: Age-specific percentile curves for all the assays and correlations between AMH, clinical, hormonal, and ultrasound characteristics.

Results: Age-related nomograms for the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles of AMH were calculated using the Lambda-Mu-Sigma method for all the assays. AMH levels were significantly different between PCOS phenotypes. AMH levels were positively correlated to LH, LH/FSH ratio, testosterone, androstenedione, free androgen index, mean follicular number, and mean ovarian volume.

Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting age-specific percentile nomograms of serum AMH levels measured by the Gen II, the picoAMH, and the Elecsys assays in a large population of women with PCOS. These findings may help to interpret AMH levels in patients with PCOS and facilitate the use of AMH as a diagnostic tool across age ranges.

Keywords: age; age-specific percentiles; anti-müllerian hormone (AMH); nomograms; polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Cross-sectional age-specifics percentiles of anti-müllerian hormone and mean follicular number in patients with PCOS for the gen II (Beckman Coulter) assay.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Comparison of anti-müllerian hormone levels between PCOS phenotypes for Gen II (A), picoAMH (B), and Elecsys (C) assays.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Scatterplot depicting the relationship between the individual AMH serum concentrations assessed with picoAMH (A-C), Gen II (D-F), and Elecsys assays (G-I) with mean follicle number, testosterone, and FAI, in PCOS women. Correlation coefficients and Spearman ranks (r) and their respective significance levels (P) are shown in the upper right corner.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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