Suppression of P2X4 and P2X7 by Lactobacillus rhamnosus vitaP1: effects on hangover symptoms

Abstract

This study aimed to identify substances including Lactobacillus rhamnosus vitaP1 (KACC 92054P) that alleviate hangover-induced emotional anxiety and liver damage. The association between emotional anxiety caused by hangover and the genes P2X4, P2X7, SLC6A4 was investigated. In vitro and in vivo analyses were conducted to assess the influence of free-panica on alcohol-induced upregulated gene expression. Additionally, the concentration of AST, ALT, alcohol, and acetaldehyde in blood was measured. Free-panica, consisting of five natural products (Phyllanthus amarus, Phoenix dactylifera, Vitis vinifera, Zingiber officinale, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus), were evaluated for their regulatory effects on genes involved in alcohol-induced emotional anxiety and liver damage. The combination of these natural products in free-panica successfully restored emotional anxiety, and the concentration of AST, ALT, alcohol, and acetaldehyde in blood to those of the normal control group. These findings support the potential development of free-panica as a health functional food or medicinal intervention for relieving hangover symptoms and protecting liver from alcohol consumption.

Keywords: Alcohol; Hangover; Liver improvement; P2X4; P2X7; SLC6A4.

Fig. 1

Effects of ethanol on the mRNA expression of the P2X4 and P2X7 genes in BV2 cells. Ethanol increased the mRNA levels of the P2X4 and P2X7 genes. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared with control. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 3)

Fig. 2

Effects of the PartySmart composition on the mRNA expression of the P2X4 and P2X7 genes in BV2 cells. ^#p < 0.05 compared with control. There was no statistical difference found between the ethanol-treated control and other treatment groups. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 3). AP: Andrographis paniculata, VV: Vitis vinifera, PE: Emblica officinalis, CI: Cichorium intybus, and PT: Phyllanthus amarus

Fig. 3

Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus VitaP1 on the mRNA expression of the P2X4 and P2X7 genes in BV2 cells. L. rhamnosus VitaP1 inhibited the mRNA levels of the P2X4 and P2X7 genes. VitaP1-P: L. rhamnosus VitaP1. ^#p < 0.05 compared with control. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared with ethanol-treated control. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 3)

Fig. 4

Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus VitaP1 on the serum (A) ALT and (B) AST concentrations in mice 3 h after an oral administration of ethanol. ^#p < 0.05 compared with control. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared with ethanol-treated control. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 3). VitaP1-P: L. rhamnosus VitaP1 strain powder, VitaP1-M: L. rhamnosus VitaP1 culture

Fig. 5

Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus VitaP1 on the mRNA expression of the P2X4, P2X7, and SLC6A4 genes in hippocampal tissue. L. rhamnosus VitaP1 inhibited the mRNA levels of the P2X4 and P2X7 genes. ^#p < 0.05 compared with control. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared with the ethanol-treated control. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 3). VitaP1-P: L. rhamnosus VitaP1 strain powder, VitaP1-M: L. rhamnosus VitaP1 culture

Fig. 6

Effects of free-panica on (A) serum alcohol, (B) acetaldehyde, (C) ALT, and (D) AST concentrations in mice 3 h after oral administration of ethanol. Free-panica reduced both alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations as well as the levels of AST and ALT in the blood serum. ^#p < 0.05 compared with control. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared with ethanol-treated control. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 3)

Fig. 7

Effects of free-panica on the mRNA expression of the P2X4, P2X7, and SLC6A4 genes in hippocampal tissue. Free-panica inhibited the mRNA levels of the P2X4 and P2X7 genes. ^#p < 0.05 compared with control. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared with the ethanol-treated control. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 3)