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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Jul;131(8):1042-1053.
doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.17770. Epub 2024 Feb 5.

Doppler ultrasound of umbilical and middle cerebral artery in third trimester small-for-gestational age fetuses to decide on timing of delivery for suspected fetal growth restriction: A cohort with nested RCT (DRIGITAT)

Mauritia C Marijnen  1   2 , Hester D Kamphof  3 , Stefanie E Damhuis  1   2   3 , Maddy Smies  1   2 , Aleid G Leemhuis  4 , Hans Wolf  1 , Sanne J Gordijn  3 , Wessel Ganzevoort  1   2 ; DRIGITAT Trial Group
Collaborators, Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Doppler ultrasound of umbilical and middle cerebral artery in third trimester small-for-gestational age fetuses to decide on timing of delivery for suspected fetal growth restriction: A cohort with nested RCT (DRIGITAT)

Mauritia C Marijnen et al. BJOG. 2024 Jul.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the association of the umbilicocerebral ratio (UCR) with adverse perinatal outcome in late preterm small-for-gestational age (SGA) fetuses and to investigate the effect on perinatal outcomes of immediate delivery.

Design: Multicentre cohort study with nested randomised controlled trial (RCT).

Setting: Nineteen secondary and tertiary care centres.

Population: Singleton SGA pregnancies (estimated fetal weight [EFW] or fetal abdominal circumference [FAC] <10th centile) from 32 to 36+6 weeks.

Methods: Women were classified: (1) RCT-eligible: abnormal UCR twice consecutive and EFW below the 3rd centile at/or below 35 weeks or below the 10th centile at 36 weeks; (2) abnormal UCR once or intermittent; (3) never abnormal UCR. Consenting RCT-eligible patients were randomised for immediate delivery from 34 weeks or expectant management until 37 weeks.

Main outcome measures: A composite adverse perinatal outcome (CAPO), defined as perinatal death, birth asphyxia or major neonatal morbidity.

Results: The cohort consisted of 690 women. The study was halted prematurely for low RCT-inclusion rates (n = 40). In the RCT-eligible group, gestational age at delivery, birthweight and birthweight multiple of the median (MoM) (0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59-0.72) were significantly lower and the CAPO (n = 50, 44%, p < 0.05) was more frequent. Among patients randomised for immediate delivery there was a near-significant lower birthweight (p = 0.05) and higher CAPO (p = 0.07). EFW MoM, pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension and Doppler classification were independently associated with the CAPO (area under the curve 0.71, 95% CI 0.67-0.76).

Conclusions: Perinatal risk was effectively identified by low EFW MoM and UCR. Early delivery of SGA fetuses with an abnormal UCR at 34-36 weeks should only be performed in the context of clinical trials.

Keywords: Doppler velocimetry; cerebroplacental ratio; fetal growth restriction; placental insufficiency; small for gestational age; umbilicocerebral ratio.

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References

REFERENCES

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