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. 2024 Mar 12:17:1007-1020.
doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S447426. eCollection 2024.

Contingency Reversal in Conditioned Fear Learning: The Moderated Mediation Model of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Instruction

Yu Gao  1 , Min Fan  1 , Yu Li  1 , Shaochen Zhao  2 , Wei Chen  1 , Donghuan Zhang  1 , Xifu Zheng  1   3
Affiliations

Contingency Reversal in Conditioned Fear Learning: The Moderated Mediation Model of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Instruction

Yu Gao et al. Psychol Res Behav Manag. .

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to examine the roles of anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) in conditioned fear learning under an uncertain context induced by the contingency reversal of the association between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus (CS-US).

Methods: The study sample comprised 53 participants, randomly divided into two groups: a non-instruction group and an instruction group. The experimental procedure encompassed five stages: pre-acquisition, acquisition, generalization, reversal acquisition, and reversal generalization. Our study primarily focused on analyzing a moderated mediation model.

Results: In the instructed group, we observed that the reversed fear generalization response was directly influenced by the pre-reversal fear generalization response, while also being indirectly mediated by the IU factor. However, in the non-instructed group, we did not find a significant mediating effect of IU. Moreover, we noted that the mediation of IU was contingent on the instructional information. It is noteworthy that anxiety did not exhibit a discernible role in conditioned fear within the uncertainty condition in our study.

Conclusion: The findings provide novel insights into fear-related phenomena, emphasizing the intricate interplay between individual traits and fear generalization under conditions of uncertainty. They contribute to understanding the mechanisms of emotional and cognitive interactions in uncertain conditions.

Keywords: associations learning; fear generalization; instructional learning; moderated mediation model.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The experiment procedure.
Figure 2
Figure 2
US expectancy ratings for CS.
Figure 3
Figure 3
US expectancy ratings for the generalization and reversal generalization stages.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The latent variable mediation pathways for both groups.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The regression lines of GS on NGS in two groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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