Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Oct-Dec;14(4):252-256.
doi: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_219_22. Epub 2024 Feb 23.

Development and Validation of India-specific Hindi Version of Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool

Sitanshu Barik  1 , Vikash Raj  1 , Boudhayan Das Munshi  2 , Ojasvi Rajput  3 , Shivji Prajapati  4 , Sant Guru Prasad  1 , Ashish Kumar  1
Affiliations

Development and Validation of India-specific Hindi Version of Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool

Sitanshu Barik et al. J Midlife Health. 2023 Oct-Dec.

Abstract

Purpose: Patient education is one of the important components of reducing the morbidity of osteoporosis. The aim of this study is to validate the Hindi version of the Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT-H) among a hospital-based sample in the age group of 18-44 years of age.

Methods: The study was conducted in two phases - translation and adaption of the OKAT in Hindi followed by its validation. The translated tool was analyzed by Flesch reading ease, McNemar test, Cronbach alpha, difficulty index, discrimination index, and principal factor analysis.

Results: Two hundred and sixty women with a mean age of 28.3 ± 17.2 years were enrolled in the study. The mean score of the OKAT-H tool obtained in the study was 11.3 ± 2.1. A significant difference was noted in the scores based on educational qualification or with any family history of either osteoporosis or fracture (P < 0.05). The Flesch score for the OKAT-H tool was 86. Inter-item correlation for all the items ranged between 0.15 and 0.5. The Cronbach's alpha measured 0.892 suggesting high internal consistency. Items number 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, and 14 showed a significant difference on the McNemar test questioning its consistency on test-retest.

Conclusion: A new shorter version of the tool may be developed since six items showed low consistency. The use of such an instrument in local language would help spread awareness about the disease as well as help the population in adopting osteoprotective strategies and also to seek help and advice regarding treatment.

Keywords: India; Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool; osteoporosis; psychometric properties.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

References

    1. Kanis JA, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY. Scientific Advisory Board of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) and the Committees of Scientific Advisors and National Societies of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). Executive summary of the European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Int. 2019;104:235–8. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kerr C, Bottomley C, Shingler S, Giangregorio L, de Freitas HM, Patel C, et al. The importance of physical function to people with osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2017;28:1597–607. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kaushal N, Vohora D, Jalali RK, Jha S. Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in an apparently healthy Indian population – A cross-sectional retrospective study. Osteoporos Sarcopenia. 2018;4:53–60. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bilal M, Haseeb A, Merchant AZ, Rehman A, Arshad MH, Malik M, et al. Knowledge, beliefs and practices regarding osteoporosis among female medical school entrants in Pakistan. Asia Pac Fam Med. 2017;16:6. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Darout IA, Alamir A, Sultana S. Osteoporosis knowledge and related health behavior among women in Jazan Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2017;18:378–82. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources