Evaluation of anti-Fel d 1 IgY ingredient for pet food on growth performance in kittens

Abstract

Introduction: The domestic cat (Felis catus) is one of the most common pets. Worldwide, approximately one in five adults are sensitive to cat allergens. The major cat allergen is the secretoglobulin Fel d 1, which is primarily produced in the salivary and sebaceous glands. Chickens produce IgY antibodies, which are similar in structure to mammalian IgG. When chickens are exposed to Fel d 1, anti-Fel d 1-specific IgY (AFD1) is produced and is naturally concentrated in egg yolk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerability, effects on growth and food consumption, and potential adverse effects of a chicken egg product ingredient containing AFD1 in kittens.

Methods: This was a blinded, controlled study. Twenty-seven (27) eight-week old kittens were randomly assigned to three feeding groups containing 0 ppm AFD1 (Group 0), 8 ppm AFD1 (Group 1), and 16 ppm AFD1 (Group 2) for 84 days. Veterinary exams and bloodwork were performed on Day 42 and Day 84, and body weight and body condition score (BCS) were monitored weekly.

Results: Throughout the study, there were no signs of nutritional deficiency or adverse clinical events in any of the subjects. Administration of a chicken egg product ingredient containing AFD1 in the diet (whether in coating or combination of coating and top dress) had no significant effect on body weight nor food consumption, and all subjects maintained a healthy Body Condition Score (BCS) throughout the study. Moreover, there were no biologically significant differences in the mean clinical chemistry and hematology parameters.

Discussion: This study demonstrated that a diet formulated to contain up to 16 ppm AFD1, included in the coating and the top-dress of dry kitten food, was well tolerated, promoted adequate growth, and exhibited no adverse effects.

Keywords: Fel d 1; Fel d 1 IgY; allergen; cat; feline; kitten; safety.

Figure 1

Graphic timeline of the study.

Figure 2

Mean body weights (kg) for male and female kittens.

Figure 3

Mean body weights (kg) for the three diet groups.

Figure 4

Average food intake (g/day) for males and females.

Figure 5

Mean daily food intake in grams per kilogram of body weight calculated for females.

Figure 6

Mean daily food intake in grams per kilogram of body weight calculated for males.

Figure 7

Mean daily food intake in grams per kilogram of body weight calculated for the three diet groups.