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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Mar 22;25(1):229.
doi: 10.1186/s12891-024-07278-4.

Effects of mind-body exercise on knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Hujun Qiao  1   2 , Xin Hao  3 , Guoxiang Wang  4
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Effects of mind-body exercise on knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Hujun Qiao et al. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. .

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of mind-body exercise on improving knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and thereby informing osteoarthritis exercise rehabilitation.

Methods: The China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, Embase, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved tai chi, yoga, and baduanjin interventions for KOA. The search period ranged from inception to October 25, 2022. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated by the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, and the included data were statistically analyzed and plotted using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 14.0 software.

Results: We included 17 articles with a total of 1122 patients. Compared with the control group, mind-body exercise significantly improved patient pain (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.87, -0.42], p < 0.00001), stiffness (SMD = -0.75, 95% CI [-1.05, -0.45], p < 0.00001), physical function (SMD = -0.82, 95% CI [-1.03, -0.62], p < 0.00001), mental health (SMD = 0.31, 95% CI [0.11, 0.51], p = 0.002), and depression (SMD = -0.32, 95% CI [-0.50, -0.15], p = 0.0003). In terms of motor ability, mind-body exercise significantly increased the 6-min walking distance (SMD = 18.45, 95% CI [5.80, 31.10], p = 0.004) and decreased timed up and go test time (SMD = -1.15, 95% CI [-1.71, -0.59], p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: The current study showed that mind-body exercise is safe and effective for KOA patients. However, given the methodological limitations of the included studies, additional high-quality evidence is needed to support the conclusions of this study.

Keywords: Baduanjin; Knee osteoarthritis; Meta-analysis; Mind–body exercise; Taichi; Yoga.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA flow chart of articles screening procedure
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Risk of bias graph
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Risk of bias summary
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Forest plots showing standardized mean difference of change on the pain between Mind–body exercise group and a control/comparison group
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Forest plots showing standardized mean difference of change on the stiffness between Mind–body exercise group and a control/comparison group
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Forest plots showing standardized mean difference of change on the physical function between Mind–body exercise group and a control/comparison group
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Forest plots showing standardized mean difference of change on the mental health between Mind–body exercise group and a control/comparison group
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Forest plots showing standardized mean difference of change on the depression between Mind–body exercise group and a control/comparison group
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Forest plots showing standardized mean difference of change on the 6-MWT between Mind–body exercise group and a control/comparison group
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Forest plots showing standardized mean difference of change on the TUG between Mind–body exercise group and a control/comparison group
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
Sensitivity Analysis Plot of Pain
Fig. 12
Fig. 12
Sensitivity Analysis Plot of Stiffness
Fig. 13
Fig. 13
Sensitivity Analysis Plot of Physical function
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