Impact of preoperative carbohydrate loading on postoperative course and morbidity in debulking surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer

Abstract

Despite the theoretical benefits, the favorable effect of preoperative carbohydrate loading on postoperative morbidity remains controversial. Most of the outcomes reported in the literature are derived from non-gynecologic surgery data, with only one study involving a limited number of patients specifically in gynecological oncology. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of carbohydrate loading, as a single element of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols, on postoperative course and morbidity in patients undergoing debulking surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The present study was a non-randomized, prospective cohort trial enrolling patients with EOC who underwent surgery between June 2018 and December 2021. An oral carbohydrate supplement with a dose of 50 g was given to patients 2-3 h before anesthesia. Data on postoperative course and morbidity were collected and compared with data of a historical cohort including consecutive patients who underwent surgery without a carbohydrate loading between January 2015 and June 2018. Analyses were performed on a total of 162 patients, including 72 patients in the carbohydrate loading group and 90 patients in the control group. Median length of hospital stay (11 days vs. 11 days; P=0.555), postoperative days 1-7 serum c-reactive protein levels (P=0.213), 30-day readmission (11.6% vs. 11.5%, P=0.985), 30-day relaparotomy (2.8% vs. 3.4%, P=0.809) and 30-day morbidity (48.6% vs. 46.7%; P=0.805) were comparable between the cohorts. No significant differences in grades of morbidities were identified between the cohorts (P=0.511). Multivariate analysis revealed that the sole independent risk factor for any postoperative morbidity was operative time. In conclusion, based on the results of the present study, postoperative course and morbidity seemed to be unaffected by carbohydrate loading in patients undergoing debulking surgery for EOC.

Keywords: carbohydrate loading; debulking surgery; epithelial ovarian cancer; morbidity.

Figure 1

ROC analyses to calculate cut-off values of independent scale variables. (A) Optimal cut-off value for operative time in predicting any postoperative morbidity. (B) Optimal cut-off value for operative time in predicting grade III-V morbidity. (C) Optimal cut-off value for postoperative day 1 serum CRP level in predicting grade III-V morbidity. ROC, receiver operating characteristic; AUC, area under the ROC Curve; CRP, c-reactive protein.