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Review
. 2024 Feb 21;30(7):644-651.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i7.644.

Colon and rectal cancer: An emergent public health problem

Marina Pinheiro  1   2 , David Nascimento Moreira  2 , Michele Ghidini  3
Affiliations
Review

Colon and rectal cancer: An emergent public health problem

Marina Pinheiro et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Colorectal cancer ranks third globally, with a high mortality rate. In the United States, and different countries in Europe, organized population screenings exist and include people between 50 and 74 years of age. These screenings have allowed an early diagnosis and consequently an improvement in health indicators. Colon and rectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of particular interest due to the high global burden associated with it and the role attributed to prevention and early diagnosis in reducing morbidity and mortality. This study is a review of CRC pathology and includes the most recent scientific evidence regarding this pathology, as well as a diagnosis of the epidemiological situation of CRC. Finally, the recommendation from a public health perspective will be discussed in detail taking into account the context and the most current recommendations.

Keywords: Colon and rectal neoplasia; Colon and rectal tumor; Morbidity; Mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Progression of colon and rectal cancer pathology.
Figure 2
Figure 2
ist of modifiable and non-modifiable determinants for colon and rectal cancer.
Figure 3
Figure 3
First-line treatment for metastatic colon and rectal cancer patients. anti-EGFR: Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor agent; dMMR/MSI-H: Deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability; FOLFOX: 5-fluorouracil + oxaliplatin; FOLFOXIRI: 5-fluorouracil + oxaliplatin + irinotecan; FOLFIRI: 5-fluorouracil + irinotecan; mut: Mutant; XELOX: Capecitabine + oxaliplatin; wt: Wild-type; BRAF: B-raf proto-oncogene.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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