Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Mar 7:11:1308337.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1308337. eCollection 2024.

The heart-mind relationship in women cardiovascular primary prevention: the role of depression, anxiety, distress and Type-D personality in the 10-years cardiovascular risk evaluation

Mattia Giuliani  1 , Giulia Santagostino Baldi  2 , Nicolò Capra  3 , Alice Bonomi  3 , Chiara Marzorati  4 , Valeria Sebri  4 , Paolo Guiddi  1   4 , Piero Montorsi  5 , Gabriella Pravettoni  4   6 , Daniela Trabattoni  2
Affiliations

The heart-mind relationship in women cardiovascular primary prevention: the role of depression, anxiety, distress and Type-D personality in the 10-years cardiovascular risk evaluation

Mattia Giuliani et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death among women. Prevention programmes underscore the need to address women-specific risk factors. Additionally, mental well-being is a significant aspect to consider when grappling with cardiovascular disease in women, particularly depression, anxiety, distress, and personality traits. This study aimed to create "at-risk" psychological profiles for women without prior cardiovascular disease history and to evaluate the association between anxiety, depression, distress, and Type-D personality traits with increased cardiovascular risk over 10 years.

Methods: 219 women voluntarily participated in the "Monzino Women's Heart Centre" project for primary prevention and early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Psychological profiles were developed utilising cluster analysis.

Results: The primary finding indicating that belonging to the "at-risk" psychological cluster was associated with a surge in the 10-year cardiovascular risk prediction score, despite the number of comorbid risk factors (Psychological "at-risk" cluster: β = .0674; p = .006; Risk factors: β = .0199; p = .242).

Conclusions: This finding suggests that psychological well-being of women should be assessed from the very beginning of cardiovascular prevention programmes.

Keywords: Type-D personality; anxiety; cardiovascular prevention; depression; distress; gender medicine.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Scree plot for k-means clustering of psychological data. The scree plot shows how Within-Cluster-Sum of Squares (WSS) changes as a function of the number of clusters identified using the k-means algorithm. The elbow method identified an optimal number of clusters equal to two, the point at which the graph shows a distinct change in slope.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Classic and women specific RF trends in PR and NPR clusters.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

  • Psychological risk factors and cardiovascular disease.
    Carola V, Vincenzo C, Di Vincenzo G, Morale C, Cecchi V, Nicolais G. Carola V, et al. Front Psychol. 2024 Sep 30;15:1419731. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1419731. eCollection 2024. Front Psychol. 2024. PMID: 39403242 Free PMC article. Review.

References

    1. Vogel B, Acevedo M, Appelman Y, Bairey Merz CN, Chieffo A, Figtree GA, et al. The lancet women and cardiovascular disease commission: reducing the global burden by 2030. Lancet. (2021) 397(10292):2385–438. 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00684-X - DOI - PubMed
    1. Elder P, Sharma G, Gulati M, Michos ED. Identification of female-specific risk enhancers throughout the lifespan of women to improve cardiovascular disease prevention. Am J Prev Cardiol. (2020) 2:100028. 10.1016/j.ajpc.2020.100028 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Allabadi H, Alkaiyat A, Alkhayyat A, Hammoudi A, Odeh H, Shtayeh J, et al. Depression and anxiety symptoms in cardiac patients: a cross-sectional hospital-based study in a Palestinian population. BMC Public Health. (2019) 19(1):232. 10.1186/s12889-019-6561-3 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Celano CM, Villegas AC, Albanese AM, Gaggin HK, Huffman JC. Depression and anxiety in heart failure: a review. Harv Rev Psychiatry. (2018) 26:175–84. 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000162 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Celano CM, Shapter C, Styra R, Czick M. Depression and anxiety in cardiac disease. Psychiatr Times. (2016) 33(12):4.