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. 2024 Mar 6:4:1334859.
doi: 10.3389/fepid.2024.1334859. eCollection 2024.

Prevalence of concomitant rheumatologic diseases and autoantibody specificities among racial and ethnic groups in SLE patients

Brendan Denvir #  1 , Philip M Carlucci #  1 , Kelly Corbitt  2 , Jill P Buyon  2 , H Michael Belmont  2 , Heather T Gold  3 , Jane E Salmon  4 , Anca Askanase  5 , Joan M Bathon  5 , Laura Geraldino-Pardilla  5 , Yousaf Ali  6 , Ellen M Ginzler  7 , Chaim Putterman  8 , Caroline Gordon  9 , Kamil E Barbour  10 , Charles G Helmick  10 , Hilary Parton #  11 , Peter M Izmirly #  2
Affiliations

Prevalence of concomitant rheumatologic diseases and autoantibody specificities among racial and ethnic groups in SLE patients

Brendan Denvir et al. Front Epidemiol. .

Abstract

Objective: Leveraging the Manhattan Lupus Surveillance Program (MLSP), a population-based registry of cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and related diseases, we investigated the proportion of SLE with concomitant rheumatic diseases, including Sjögren's disease (SjD), antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS), and fibromyalgia (FM), as well as the prevalence of autoantibodies in SLE by sex and race/ethnicity.

Methods: Prevalent SLE cases fulfilled one of three sets of classification criteria. Additional rheumatic diseases were defined using modified criteria based on data available in the MLSP: SjD (anti-SSA/Ro positive and evidence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and/or xerostomia), APLS (antiphospholipid antibody positive and evidence of a blood clot), and FM (diagnosis in the chart).

Results: 1,342 patients fulfilled SLE classification criteria. Of these, SjD was identified in 147 (11.0%, 95% CI 9.2-12.7%) patients with women and non-Latino Asian patients being the most highly represented. APLS was diagnosed in 119 (8.9%, 95% CI 7.3-10.5%) patients with the highest frequency in Latino patients. FM was present in 120 (8.9%, 95% CI 7.3-10.5) patients with non-Latino White and Latino patients having the highest frequency. Anti-dsDNA antibodies were most prevalent in non-Latino Asian, Black, and Latino patients while anti-Sm antibodies showed the highest proportion in non-Latino Black and Asian patients. Anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies were most prevalent in non-Latino Asian patients and least prevalent in non-Latino White patients. Men were more likely to be anti-Sm positive.

Conclusion: Data from the MLSP revealed differences among patients classified as SLE in the prevalence of concomitant rheumatic diseases and autoantibody profiles by sex and race/ethnicity underscoring comorbidities associated with SLE.

Keywords: Sjögren's disease; antiphospholipid syndrome; autoantibodies; fibromyalgia; systemic lupus erythematosus.

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Conflict of interest statement

PI- consulting fees from Momenta/Janssen; JB- consulting fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Related Sciences LLC, Ventus Therapeutics; and CG-consulting fees from Alumis, Amgen, Astra-Zeneca, Sanofi, and UCB. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. AA and CP declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.

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