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. 2024 Mar;96(3):e29541.
doi: 10.1002/jmv.29541.

Association between monoclonal antibody therapy, vaccination, and longer-term symptom resolution after acute COVID-19

Samantha C Roberts  1 , Sarah E Jolley  2 , Laurel E Beaty  1 , Neil R Aggarwal  2 , Tellen D Bennett  3   4 , Nichole E Carlson  1   5 , Lindsey E Fish  6 , Bethany M Kwan  7 , Seth Russell  3 , Adane F Wogu  1 , Matthew A Wynia  8   9 , Adit A Ginde  10
Affiliations

Association between monoclonal antibody therapy, vaccination, and longer-term symptom resolution after acute COVID-19

Samantha C Roberts et al. J Med Virol. 2024 Mar.

Abstract

Effective therapies for reducing post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) symptoms are lacking. Evaluate the association between monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment or COVID-19 vaccination with symptom recovery in COVID-19 participants. The longitudinal survey-based cohort study was conducted from April 2021 to January 2022 across a multihospital Colorado health system. Adults ≥18 years with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test were included. Primary exposures were mAb treatment and COVID-19 vaccination. The primary outcome was time to symptom resolution after SARS-CoV-2 positive test date. The secondary outcome was hospitalization within 28 days of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Analysis included 1612 participants, 539 mAb treated, and 486 with ≥2 vaccinations. Time to symptom resolution was similar between mAb treated versus untreated patients (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.90, 95% CI: 0.77-1.04). Time to symptom resolution was shorter for patients who received ≥2 vaccinations compared to those unvaccinated (aHR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.31-1.88). 28-day hospitalization risk was lower for patients receiving mAb therapy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.19-0.50) and ≥2 vaccinations (aOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.20-0.55), compared with untreated or unvaccinated status. Analysis included 1612 participants, 539 mAb treated, and 486 with ≥2 vaccinations. Time to symptom resolution was similar between mAb treated versus untreated patients (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.90, 95% CI: 0.77-1.04). Time to symptom resolution was shorter for patients who received ≥2 vaccinations compared to those unvaccinated (aHR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.31-1.88). 28-day hospitalization risk was lower for patients receiving mAb therapy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.19-0.50) and ≥2 vaccinations (aOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.20-0.55), compared with untreated or unvaccinated status. COVID-19 vaccination, but not mAb therapy, was associated with a shorter time to symptom resolution. Both were associated with lower 28-day hospitalization.

Keywords: COVID‐19; monoclonal antibody therapy; post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: The study authors have no conflicts of interest to report related to the work.

Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:
Cohort derivation
Figure 2:
Figure 2:
Total symptom burden over time stratified by mAb treatment status
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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