EVA1A, a novel and promising prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of EVA1A as a prognostic biomarker for Colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: The study utilized public databases to analyze the difference in Evala mRNA expression between CRC tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Additionallymunohistochemical staining was performed on 90 paired tissue samples to detect EVA1A expression. The relationship between EVA1A and clinicopathological features was examined, and a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were employed to identify prognostic factors affecting the overall survival (OS) of CRC patients.

Results: The analysis revealed a significant increase in Evala mRNA expression in CRC tumor cells compared to normal controls from public databases (P< 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining further confirmed a significant upregulation of EVA1A expression in CRC tissues (P< 0.05). High EVA1A expression was associated with age, pathological M stage, total tumor stage, and Carbohydrate antigen CA19-9 (CA19-9). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significant association between high EVA1A expression and poor OS. Univariate and multivariate analysis identified EVA1A as an independent risk factor for CRC prognosis.

Conclusion: The study suggests that EVA1A is increased in CRC tumor tissues and may serve as a potential biomarker for poor prognosis in CRC.

Keywords: Eva-1 homolog A; biomarker; colorectal cancer; overall survival; prognosis.

Figure 1

Expression of EVA1A in CRC tumor and normal tissues. (A) Differential expression of Eva1a mRNA between CRC tumor and normal tissues. (B) Immunohistochemical results of typical normal tissues and tumor tissues with different staining intensities. (C) Differential expression of EVA1A between CRC tumor and normal tissues. (D) EVA1A represented a smart diagnostic value. (E) ROC for the diagnostic efficiency of EVA1A, serum AFP, serum CEA, serum CA19–9, and serum CA72-4. *p<0.05.

Figure 2

Kaplan–Meier curves of overall survival in 809 CRC patients with high and low Eva1a mRNA expression (https://kmplot.com/analysis/index.php?p=service&cancer=colon). These patients were divided into two groups based on the median value of EVA1A expression. (A) 1-year survival rate (Log-rank Mantel-Cox) : P=0.17; (B) 3-year survival rate (Log-rank Mantel-Cox) : P=0.18; (C) 5-year survival rate (Log-rank Mantel-Cox) : P=0.05.

Figure 3

Kaplan–Meier curves of overall survival in 90 CRC patients with high and low Eva1a mRNA expression. (A) 1-year survival rate (Log-rank Mantel-Cox) : χ2=1.470, P=0.23; (B) 3-year survival rate (Log-rank Mantel-Cox) : χ2=2.185, P=0.14; (C) 5-year survival rate (Log-rank Mantel-Cox) : χ2=3.965, P=0.046.

Figure 4

Forest plot of univariate (A) and multivariate (B) cox regression.