Affiliations

• ¹ Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: gortega1@bwh.harvard.edu.
• ² Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
• ³ Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
• ⁴ Department of Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
• ⁵ Division of General Surgery, University of Washington, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
• ⁶ Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁷ Division of General Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁸ Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan; Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
• ⁹ Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: dsmink@bwh.harvard.edu.
• ¹⁰ Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ¹¹ Boston, MA, USA; Norfolk, VA, USA; St. Louis, MO, USA; Honolulu, HI, USA; Karachi, Pakistan; Providence, RI, USA; Washington, DC, USA; Baltimore, MD, USA.