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Review
. 2024 Mar 7;13(6):475.
doi: 10.3390/cells13060475.

Exploring the Potential Role of Metabolomics in COPD: A Concise Review

Claudio Tirelli  1 , Sabrina Mira  1 , Luca Alessandro Belmonte  1 , Federica De Filippi  1 , Mauro De Grassi  1 , Marta Italia  1 , Sara Maggioni  1 , Gabriele Guido  1 , Michele Mondoni  1 , Giorgio Walter Canonica  2   3 , Stefano Centanni  1
Affiliations
Review

Exploring the Potential Role of Metabolomics in COPD: A Concise Review

Claudio Tirelli et al. Cells. .

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a pathological condition of the respiratory system characterized by chronic airflow obstruction, associated with changes in the lung parenchyma (pulmonary emphysema), bronchi (chronic bronchitis) and bronchioles (small airways disease). In the last years, the importance of phenotyping and endotyping COPD patients has strongly emerged. Metabolomics refers to the study of metabolites (both intermediate or final products) and their biological processes in biomatrices. The application of metabolomics to respiratory diseases and, particularly, to COPD started more than one decade ago and since then the number of scientific publications on the topic has constantly grown. In respiratory diseases, metabolomic studies have focused on the detection of metabolites derived from biomatrices such as exhaled breath condensate, bronchoalveolar lavage, and also plasma, serum and urine. Mass Spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy are powerful tools in the precise identification of potentially prognostic and treatment response biomarkers. The aim of this article was to comprehensively review the relevant literature regarding the applications of metabolomics in COPD, clarifying the potential clinical utility of the metabolomic profile from several biologic matrices in detecting biomarkers of disease and prognosis for COPD. Meanwhile, a complete description of the technological instruments and techniques currently adopted in the metabolomics research will be described.

Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; exhaled breath condensate; mass spectrometry; metabolomics; nuclear magnetic resonance.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Metabolomics in COPD. Metabolomic profiles could be useful to better characterize COPD phenotypes and endotypes, with correlation to functional and radiologic data. Through the adoption of the main Metabolomic techniques (Mass Spectrometry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, E-Nose Gas Chromatography), metabolites can be identified as prognostic, disease and exacerbation biomarkers.
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