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Observational Study
. 2024 Feb 28;21(3):277.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph21030277.

Epidemiology of Suicide Mortality in Paraguay from 2005 to 2019: A Descriptive Study

Ethel Santacruz  1 , Derlis Duarte-Zoilan  1 , Gilda Benitez Rolandi  1   2 , Felicia Cañete  1   2 , Dins Smits  3 , Noël C Barengo  4   5 , Guillermo Sequera  1   2
Affiliations
Observational Study

Epidemiology of Suicide Mortality in Paraguay from 2005 to 2019: A Descriptive Study

Ethel Santacruz et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Suicide is an important public health problem, fundamentally affecting the younger population and responding to multiple biological, psychological, and social causes. The objective of this study was to characterize changes in suicide mortality, suicide methods, and years of potential life lost from 2005 to 2019 in Paraguay. This observational, descriptive study used data from the Vital Statistics Information Subsystem of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare. The average mortality rate from suicide was 4.9 per 100,000 inhabitants, with an increase from 4.2 between 2005 and 2009 to 5.8 from 2014 to 2019. Suicide was more common in men (75%) than in women. In men, the highest mortality rate was observed among those 20-24 years old, whereas in women, the ages most affected were the 15-19-year-old age group. The most-used method for suicide was hanging. The most frequent place of suicide occurrence was at home (73%). The seasonality of suicide occurrence showed a slight increase in the spring-summer months compared with autumn-winter (53% vs. 47%). The rate of potential years of life lost statistically significantly increased from 2005 to 2019. Public health measures need to be implemented to investigate the underlying reasons and implement interventions in the population to decrease suicide mortality in Paraguay.

Keywords: Paraguay; mental health; potential years of life lost; suicide; trends.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Crude suicide mortality rate per 100,000 inhabitants according to health regions and five-year period in Paraguay during 2005 and 2019.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Average annual percentage change (APC) trend of suicide mortality 2005–2019. * Indicates that Annual Percent of Change (APC) is significantly different from zero at the alpha = 0.05 level. This figure is select model with 0 joinpoints.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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