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. 2024 Mar 18;29(6):1347.
doi: 10.3390/molecules29061347.

Study of the Structure and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides from Different Parts of Stemona tuberosa Lour

Xiang Qiu  1   2 , Yanghui Ou  2 , Shengjia Lu  2 , Yibin Liang  2 , Yali Zhang  2 , Mengjie Li  2 , Gang Li  2 , Hongwei Ma  3 , Yanting Wu  2 , Zhaoyu He  2 , Zhensheng Zhang  2 , Hongliang Yao  2 , Wen-Hua Chen  1
Affiliations

Study of the Structure and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides from Different Parts of Stemona tuberosa Lour

Xiang Qiu et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

The polysaccharides from Stemona tuberosa Lour, a kind of plant used in Chinese herbal medicine, have various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the effects of the extraction methods and the activity of polysaccharides from different parts are still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different extraction methods on the yields, chemical compositions, and bioactivity of polysaccharides extracted from different parts of Stemona tuberosa Lour. Six polysaccharides were extracted from the leaves, roots, and stems of Stemona tuberosa Lour through the use of hot water (i.e., SPS-L1, SPS-R1, and SPS-S1) and an ultrasound-assisted method (i.e., SPS-L2, SPS-R2, and SPS-S2). The results showed that the physicochemical properties, structural properties, and biological activity of the polysaccharides varied with the extraction methods and parts. SPS-R1 and SPS-R2 had higher extraction yields and total sugar contents than those of the other SPSs (SPS-L1, SPS-L2, SPS-S1, and SPS-S2). SPS-L1 had favorable antioxidant activity and the ability to downregulate MUC5AC expression. An investigation of the anti-inflammatory properties showed that SPS-R1 and SPS-R2 had greater anti-inflammatory activities, while SPS-R2 demonstrated the strongest anti-inflammatory potential. The results of this study indicated that SPS-L1 and SPS-L2, which were extracted from non-medicinal parts, may serve as potent natural antioxidants, but further study is necessary to explore their potential applications in the treatment of diseases. The positive anti-inflammatory effects of SPS-R1 and SPS-R2 in the roots may be further exploited in drugs for the treatment of inflammation.

Keywords: Stemona tuberosa Lour; biological activities; different extraction methods; physicochemical and structural properties; polysaccharides.

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Conflict of interest statement

Author Hongwei Ma was employed by the company Guangdong Huakangyuan Medicinal Materials Resources Development Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
High-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) of (A) SPS-L1, (B) SPS-L2, (C) SPS-R1, (D) SPS-R2, (E) SPS-S1, and (F) SPS-R2.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The UV (A–C) and FT-IR (D) spectra of the six SPSs.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM photos of (A) SPS-L1, (B) SPS-L2, (C) SPS-R1, (D) SPS-R2, (E) SPS-S1, and (F) SPS-S2. a: 3000× magnification; b: 8000× magnification; c: 10,000× magnification.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Three-helix conformation analysis of SPSs.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The TG-DTG curves of SPSs. (A) SPS-L1; (B) SPS-L2; (C) SPS-R1; (D) SPS-R2; (E) SPS-S1; and (F) SPS-S2. Blue line: TG; red line: DTG.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Antioxidant activities of SPSs. (A) DPPH radical scavenging activity; (B) FRAP assay. The above values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). Different letters (a, b, c, d, e, and f) at the same concentration indicate a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Anti-inflammatory activities of SPSs. The relative expression of IL-6 (A) and IL-1β (B) at 10 mg/mL of SPSs; the relative expression of IL-6 (C) and IL-1β (D) at 0.4–10 mg/mL of SPS-R1 and SPS-R2; the NO production at 5 mg/mL of SPSs (E); the NO production at 1.25–5 mg/mL of SPS-R2 (F). Bars with different letters are statistically different (p < 0.05). The above values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Effect of SPSs on hypersecretion model of NCI-H292 cells in vitro. The relative expression level of MUC5AC at 800 μg/mL of SPSs (A); the relative expression level of MUC5AC at 200–800 μg/mL of SPS-L1 (B). Bars with different letters are statistically different (p < 0.05). The above values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3).
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