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Review
. 2024 Mar 9;12(3):288.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines12030288.

Global Perspectives on the Hepatitis B Vaccination: Challenges, Achievements, and the Road to Elimination by 2030

Said A Al-Busafi  1 , Ahmed Alwassief  2
Affiliations
Review

Global Perspectives on the Hepatitis B Vaccination: Challenges, Achievements, and the Road to Elimination by 2030

Said A Al-Busafi et al. Vaccines (Basel). .

Abstract

Annually, more than 1.5 million preventable new hepatitis B (HBV) infections continue to occur, with an estimated global burden of 296 million individuals living with chronic hepatitis B infection. This substantial health challenge results in over 820,000 annual deaths being attributed to complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HBV vaccination remains the cornerstone of public health policy to prevent chronic hepatitis B and its related complications. It serves as a crucial element in the global effort to eliminate HBV, as established by the World Health Organization (WHO), with an ambitious 90% vaccination target by 2030. However, reports on global birth dose coverage reveal substantial variability, with an overall coverage rate of only 46%. This comprehensive review thoroughly examines global trends in HBV vaccination coverage, investigating the profound impact of vaccination on HBV prevalence and its consequences across diverse populations, including both high-risk and general demographics. Additionally, the review addresses the essential formidable challenges and facilitating factors for achieving WHO's HBV vaccination coverage objectives and elimination strategies in the coming decade and beyond.

Keywords: WHO; barriers; elimination; hepatitis B; liver disease; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
HBV prevalence in all countries in 2022 (all ages) [11]. HBV—hepatitis B virus.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Global and regional HBV cascade of care, 2022 [12]. AFRO–World Health Organization Africa Regional Office; EMRO–World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office; EURO–World Health Organization Europe Regional Office; HBV—hepatitis B virus; PAHO–Pan-American Health Organization; SEARO–World Health Organization South East Asia Regional Office; WPRO–World Health Organization WPRal Office.
Figure 3
Figure 3
HBV prevalence in all countries (five-year-old children) in 2022 [12]. HBV—hepatitis B virus.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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