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. 2024 Mar 19;10(6):e28225.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28225. eCollection 2024 Mar 30.

Chemical composition and antimicrobial study of Crossobamon orientalis body oil

Shakeel Ahmad  1 , Kashif Ali  2 , Khalil Ahmad  3 , Tahira Ruby  1 , Hammad Majeed  4 , Muhammad Qamar Saeed  5 , Mudassar Fareed Awan  6 , Irfan Ahmad  7 , Muhammad Farooq  8 , Mirza Imran Shahzad  9 , Saad Alamri  10 , Aleem Ahmed Khan  1
Affiliations

Chemical composition and antimicrobial study of Crossobamon orientalis body oil

Shakeel Ahmad et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Geckos and their products have been used in Asian traditional medicine. Medicinal properties of desert-dwelling Gecko species, Crossobamon orientalis remain unexplored. In this study, natural bioactive macromolecules present in oil extracted from C. orientalis (COO) and their biological activities were evaluated. Chemical constitution of COO was explored by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Antioxidant, antiviral, and antibacterial activities of COO extracts were assessed using various assays, including DPPH free-radical-protocol, HET-CAM method, in ovo-antiviral technique, and disc-diffusion method. GC-MS study reported 40 different compounds in COO. n-hexane and methanol extracts of COO demonstrated highest DPPH radical inhibition, with values of 70 and 63.3%, respectively. Extracts of COO in solvents, namely 1-butanol, methanol, diethyl ether, and n-hexane significantly inhibited the proliferation of four pathogenic viruses. Maximum zone of inhibition was observed for Escherichia coli (13.65 ± 0.57 mm). These findings suggest that COO possesses potent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against viral and bacterial strains, thanks to its biologically active components having no side effects. Further studies are essential to isolate and identify individual bioactive compounds present in COO and to investigate their potential as therapeutic agents.

Keywords: Antimicrobial agents; Antiviral activity; Crossobamon orientalis; Gecko extracts.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Total ion chromatograms of COO (a) Normal chromatogram (b) Extended chromatogram.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Antioxidant activity COO extracts.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
HET-CAM assay of COO extracts.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
COO extracts showing antiviral activities against NDV (a), H9N2 (b), IBV (c) and IBDV (d). Lane 1: Methanol extract's HA titer. Lane 2: Ethyl acetate extract's HA titer. Lane 3: Diethyl ether extract's HA titer. Lane 4: 1-butanol extract's HA titer. Lane 5: n-hexane extract's HA titer. Lane 6: Negative control.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Inhibitory zones of COO extracts against (a) E. coli, (b) Drug-resistant P. aeruginosa and (c) K. pneumoniae. (S1C1 = methanol extract, S1C2 = ethyl acetate extract, S1C3 = diethyl ether extract, S1C4 = 1-butanol extract and S1C6 = n-hexane extract).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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