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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Mar 28;14(1):7368.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58147-y.

Dynamics of Mpox infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Simeon Cadmus  1   2   3   4 , Victor Akinseye  5   6 , Matthias Besong  5   7 , Tobi Olanipekun  5 , John Fadele  5 , Eniola Cadmus  8 , Rashid Ansumana  9 , Daniel Oluwayelu  10   11 , Solomon O Odemuyiwa  12 , Oyewale Tomori  13
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Dynamics of Mpox infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Simeon Cadmus et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The seasonal outbreaks of Mpox continue in most parts of West and Central Africa. In the past year, Nigeria had the highest number of reported cases. Here, we used the PRISMA guidelines to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of available evidence on Mpox in Nigeria to assess the prevalence, transmission pattern, diagnostic approach, and other associated factors useful for mitigating the transmission of the disease. All relevant observational studies in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, AJOL, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar on Mpox in Nigeria were assessed within the last fifty years (1972 to 2022). In all, 92 relevant articles were retrieved, out of which 23 were included in the final qualitative analysis. Notably, most of the cases of Mpox in Nigeria were from the southern part of the country. Our findings showed a progressive spread from the southern to the northern region of the country. We identified the following factors as important in the transmission of Mpox in Nigeria; poverty, lack of basic healthcare facilities, and risk of exposure through unsafe sexual practices. Our findings reiterate the need to strengthen and expand existing efforts as well as establish robust multi-sectoral collaboration to understand the dynamics of Mpox Nigeria.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow chart showing the study selection process, Mpox systematic review, Nigeria, 2022.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Distribution of confirmed cases based on states between 2017 and 2018 in each geopolitical zone (N = 122). Data Source: NCDC, 2019. (B) Distribution of suspected Mpox cases in Nigeria between 2017 and 2022 (N = 503). Data Source: NCDC, 2022.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Forest plot of the meta-analysis of suspected and confirmed cases. (B) Forest plot of the meta-analysis of confirmed cases and case fatality. (C) Forest plot of the meta-analysis of cases based on gender.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Overview of the transmission dynamics of Mpox virus infection.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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