Emergence of SARS and COVID-19 and preparedness for the next emerging disease X

doi:10.1007/s11684-024-1066-6

Review

. 2024 Feb;18(1):1-18.

doi: 10.1007/s11684-024-1066-6. Epub 2024 Apr 2.

Emergence of SARS and COVID-19 and preparedness for the next emerging disease X

Ben Hu^#¹, Hua Guo^#¹, Haorui Si^{1

2}, Zhengli Shi³

Affiliations

¹ CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
² University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
³ CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China. zlshi@wh.iov.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 38561562
DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1066-6

Review

Emergence of SARS and COVID-19 and preparedness for the next emerging disease X

Ben Hu et al. Front Med. 2024 Feb.

. 2024 Feb;18(1):1-18.

doi: 10.1007/s11684-024-1066-6. Epub 2024 Apr 2.

Authors

Ben Hu^#¹, Hua Guo^#¹, Haorui Si^{1

2}, Zhengli Shi³

Affiliations

¹ CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
² University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
³ CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China. zlshi@wh.iov.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 38561562
DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1066-6

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are two human Coronavirus diseases emerging in this century, posing tremendous threats to public health and causing great loss to lives and economy. In this review, we retrospect the studies tracing the molecular evolution of SARS-CoV, and we sort out current research findings about the potential ancestor of SARS-CoV-2. Updated knowledge about SARS-CoV-2-like viruses found in wildlife, the animal susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, as well as the interspecies transmission risk of SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) are gathered here. Finally, we discuss the strategies of how to be prepared against future outbreaks of emerging or re-emerging coronaviruses.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS; coronavirus.

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[1] Murray KA, Preston N, Allen T, Zambrana-Torrelio C, Hosseini PR, Daszak P. Global biogeography of human infectious diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2015; 112(41): 12746–12751 - PubMed - PMC

[2] Murray KA, Preston N, Allen T, Zambrana-Torrelio C, Hosseini PR, Daszak P. Global biogeography of human infectious diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2015; 112(41): 12746–12751 - PubMed - PMC

[3] Loh EH, Zambrana-Torrelio C, Olival KJ, Bogich TL, Johnson CK, Mazet JA, Karesh W, Daszak P. Targeting transmission pathways for emerging zoonotic disease surveillance and control. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2015; 15(7): 432–437 - PubMed - PMC

[4] Loh EH, Zambrana-Torrelio C, Olival KJ, Bogich TL, Johnson CK, Mazet JA, Karesh W, Daszak P. Targeting transmission pathways for emerging zoonotic disease surveillance and control. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2015; 15(7): 432–437 - PubMed - PMC

[5] Kreuder Johnson C, Hitchens PL, Smiley Evans T, Goldstein T, Thomas K, Clements A, Joly DO, Wolfe ND, Daszak P, Karesh WB, Mazet JK. Spillover and pandemic properties of zoonotic viruses with high host plasticity. Sci Rep 2015; 5(1): 14830 - PubMed - PMC

[6] Kreuder Johnson C, Hitchens PL, Smiley Evans T, Goldstein T, Thomas K, Clements A, Joly DO, Wolfe ND, Daszak P, Karesh WB, Mazet JK. Spillover and pandemic properties of zoonotic viruses with high host plasticity. Sci Rep 2015; 5(1): 14830 - PubMed - PMC

[7] Woolhouse ME, Brierley L, McCaffery C, Lycett S. Assessing the epidemic potential of RNA and DNA viruses. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22(12): 2037–2044 - PubMed - PMC

[8] Woolhouse ME, Brierley L, McCaffery C, Lycett S. Assessing the epidemic potential of RNA and DNA viruses. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22(12): 2037–2044 - PubMed - PMC

[9] Adjemian J, Farnon EC, Tschioko F, Wamala JF, Byaruhanga E, Bwire GS, Kansiime E, Kagirita A, Ahimbisibwe S, Katunguka F, Jeffs B, Lutwama JJ, Downing R, Tappero JW, Formenty P, Amman B, Manning C, Towner J, Nichol ST, Rollin PE. Outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever among miners in Kamwenge and Ibanda Districts, Uganda, 2007. J Infect Dis 2011; 204(Suppl 3): S796–S799 - PubMed - PMC

[10] Adjemian J, Farnon EC, Tschioko F, Wamala JF, Byaruhanga E, Bwire GS, Kansiime E, Kagirita A, Ahimbisibwe S, Katunguka F, Jeffs B, Lutwama JJ, Downing R, Tappero JW, Formenty P, Amman B, Manning C, Towner J, Nichol ST, Rollin PE. Outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever among miners in Kamwenge and Ibanda Districts, Uganda, 2007. J Infect Dis 2011; 204(Suppl 3): S796–S799 - PubMed - PMC

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Emergence of SARS and COVID-19 and preparedness for the next emerging disease X

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Emergence of SARS and COVID-19 and preparedness for the next emerging disease X

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