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Review
. 2024 Mar 11;15(9):2613-2626.
doi: 10.7150/jca.93531. eCollection 2024.

tsRNA: A Promising Biomarker in Breast Cancer

Ting Huang  1 , Yuexin Zhao  2 , Guoqin Jiang  1 , Zhixue Yang  1
Affiliations
Review

tsRNA: A Promising Biomarker in Breast Cancer

Ting Huang et al. J Cancer. .

Abstract

tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a novel class of non-coding small RNAs, generated from specific cleavage sites of tRNA or pre-tRNA. tsRNAs can directly participate in RNA silencing, transcription, translation, and other processes. Their dysregulation is closely related to the occurrence and development of various cancers. Breast cancer is one of the most common and fastest-growing malignant tumors in humans. tsRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in breast cancer, serving as a new target for exploring the pathogenesis of breast cancer. They are also considered new tumor markers, providing a basis for diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews the generation, classification, mechanism of action, function of tsRNAs, and their biological effects and related mechanisms in breast cancer, in the hope of providing a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Keywords: Biomarker; Breast Cancer; Liquid Biopsy; tRF; tiRNA; tsRNA.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Biogenesis and classification of tsRNAs. Based on the cleavage site of mature tRNAs, tsRNAs can be classified into 5'-halves, 3'-halves, 5'-tRFs, 3'-tRFs, and i-tRFs. The cleavage of pre-tRNAs can also generates tsRNAs.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Common diagnostic methods of BC. The main methods for breast cancer screening are imaging tests. The molecular markers of breast cancer involve TNM staging, immunohistochemistry results, gene testing results, tumor marker detection, etc.
Figure 3
Figure 3
tsRNAs play roles in BC tumorigenesis and progression through various mechanisms.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Common tsRNAs liquid biopsy in clinical applications.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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