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. 2024 Apr 10;100(5):fiae046.
doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiae046.

Geographical and climatic distribution of lentil-nodulating rhizobia in Iran

Hossein Kari Dolatabad  1 , Vahid Alah Jahandideh Mahjenabadi  1
Affiliations

Geographical and climatic distribution of lentil-nodulating rhizobia in Iran

Hossein Kari Dolatabad et al. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. .

Abstract

Lentil is one of the most important legumes cultivated in various provinces of Iran. However, there is limited information about the symbiotic rhizobia of lentils in this country. In this study, molecular identification of lentil-nodulating rhizobia was performed based on 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer (IGS) and recA, atpD, glnII, and nodC gene sequencing. Using PCR-RFLP analysis of 16S-23S rRNA IGS, a total of 116 rhizobia isolates were classified into 20 groups, leaving seven strains unclustered. Phylogenetic analysis of representative isolates revealed that the rhizobia strains belonged to Rhizobium leguminosarum and Rhizobium laguerreae, and the distribution of the species is partially related to geographical location. Rhizobium leguminosarum was the dominant species in North Khorasan and Zanjan, while R. laguerreae prevailed in Ardabil and East Azerbaijan. The distribution of the species was also influenced by agroecological climates; R. leguminosarum thrived in cold semiarid climates, whereas R. laguerreae adapted to humid continental climates. Both species exhibited equal dominance in the Mediterranean climate, characterized by warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters, in Lorestan and Kohgiluyeh-Boyer Ahmad provinces.

Keywords: Lens culinaris; Rhizobium; multilocus sequence analysis; phylogeny; symbiotic genes.

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Conflict of interest statement

We declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Map of Iran showing sampling sites and climatic regions.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Genetic relationships among the rhizobia isolated from L. culinaris by the IGS PCR–RFLP analysis. The dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA method.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
The concatenated dendrogram was constructed based on the recA, glnII, and atpD gene sequences of the selected rhizobia strains. The bootstrap test was performed with 1000 replications, and values higher than 70% were written on the relevant branches.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
The maximum-likelihood tree based on the nodC gene sequences of the selected rhizobia strains. The bootstrap test was performed with 1000 replications, and values higher than 70% were written on the relevant branches.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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