An official website of the United States government
The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal
government site.
The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
and transmitted securely.
1 Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience|CCM, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin Institute of Health CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
2 German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Berlin-Potsdam.
3 Institute for Psychopharmacology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
4 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
5 Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Cagliari, Italy.
1 Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience|CCM, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin Institute of Health CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
2 German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Berlin-Potsdam.
3 Institute for Psychopharmacology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
4 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
5 Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Cagliari, Italy.
One of the leading drug addiction theories states that habits and the underlying neural process of a ventral to dorsal striatal shift are the building blocks of compulsive drug-seeking behaviour and that compulsion is the maladaptive persistence of responding despite adverse consequences. Here we discuss that compulsive behaviour as defined primarily from the perspective of animal experimentation falls short of the clinical phenomena and their neurobiological correlates. Thus for the human condition, the concept of compulsive habbits should be critically addressed and potentially revised.
Volkow ND, Fowler JS. Addiction, a disease of compulsion and drive: involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex. Cereb Cortex. 2000;10(3):318‐325. doi: 10.1093/cercor/10.3.318
-
DOI
-
PubMed
Everitt BJ, Robbins TW. Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion. Nat Neurosci. 2005;8(11):1481‐1489. doi: 10.1038/nn1579
-
DOI
-
PubMed
Everitt BJ, Robbins TW. Drug addiction: updating actions to habits to compulsions ten years on. Annu Rev Psychol. 2016;67(1):23‐50. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-122414-033457
-
DOI
-
PubMed
Lüscher C, Robbins TW, Everitt BJ. The transition to compulsion in addiction. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2020;21(5):247‐263. doi: 10.1038/s41583-020-0289-z
-
DOI
-
PMC
-
PubMed
Schoofs N, Heinz A. Pathologisches Spielen. Impulskontrollstörung, Sucht oder Zwang? [pathological gambling. Impulse control disorder, addiction or compulsion?]. Nervenarzt. 2013;84(5):629‐634. doi: 10.1007/s00115-012-3581-y
-
DOI
-
PubMed
