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Review
. 2024 Feb 28;13(5):1397.
doi: 10.3390/jcm13051397.

Is COVID-19 Infection a Multiorganic Disease? Focus on Extrapulmonary Involvement of SARS-CoV-2

Gauthier Duloquin  1   2 , Thibaut Pommier  2   3 , Marjolaine Georges  4   5 , Maurice Giroud  1   2 , Charles Guenancia  2   3 , Yannick Béjot  1   2 , Gabriel Laurent  2   3 , Claudio Rabec  4
Affiliations
Review

Is COVID-19 Infection a Multiorganic Disease? Focus on Extrapulmonary Involvement of SARS-CoV-2

Gauthier Duloquin et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

First described in December 2019 in Wuhan (China), COVID-19 disease rapidly spread worldwide, constituting the biggest pandemic in the last 100 years. Even if SARS-CoV-2, the agent responsible for COVID-19, is mainly associated with pulmonary injury, evidence is growing that this virus can affect many organs, including the heart and vascular endothelial cells, and cause haemostasis, CNS, and kidney and gastrointestinal tract abnormalities that can impact in the disease course and prognosis. In fact, COVID-19 may affect almost all the organs. Hence, SARS-CoV-2 is essentially a systemic infection that can present a large number of clinical manifestations, and it is variable in distribution and severity, which means it is potentially life-threatening. The goal of this comprehensive review paper in the series is to give an overview of non-pulmonary involvement in COVID-19, with a special focus on underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical presentation.

Keywords: COVID-19 infection; SARS-CoV-2; multiorganic.

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Conflict of interest statement

Yannick Béjot received honoraria for lectures or consulting fees from BMS, Pfizer, Medtronic, Amgen, Servier, Novo Nordisk, and Novartis, outside the submitted work. Claudio Rabec received honoraria for lectures or consulting fees from Vitalaire, Resmed, Philips, Asten Santé, Lowenstein Medical, outside the submitted work. Other authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Summary of pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Summary of extrapulmonary manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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