Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Apr 10;4(4):CD015636.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015636.pub2.

Wolbachia-carrying Aedes mosquitoes for preventing dengue infection

Tilly Fox  1 , Yanina Sguassero  2 , Marty Chaplin  1 , Winsley Rose  3 , Dyna Doum  4 , Ingrid Arevalo-Rodriguez  2   5 , Gemma Villanueva  2
Affiliations

Wolbachia-carrying Aedes mosquitoes for preventing dengue infection

Tilly Fox et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: Dengue is a global health problem of high significance, with 3.9 billion people at risk of infection. The geographic expansion of dengue virus (DENV) infection has resulted in increased frequency and severity of the disease, and the number of deaths has increased in recent years. Wolbachia,an intracellular bacterial endosymbiont, has been under investigation for several years as a novel dengue-control strategy. Some dengue vectors (Aedes mosquitoes) can be transinfected with specific strains of Wolbachia, which decreases their fitness (ability to survive and mate) and their ability to reproduce, inhibiting the replication of dengue. Both laboratory and field studies have demonstrated the potential effect of Wolbachia deployments on reducing dengue transmission, and modelling studies have suggested that this may be a self-sustaining strategy for dengue prevention, although long-term effects are yet to be elucidated.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of Wolbachia-carrying Aedes speciesdeployments (specifically wMel-, wMelPop-, and wAlbB- strains of Wolbachia) for preventing dengue virus infection.

Search methods: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, four other databases, and two trial registries up to 24 January 2024.

Selection criteria: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), including cluster-randomized controlled trials (cRCTs), conducted in dengue endemic or epidemic-prone settings were eligible. We sought studies that investigated the impact of Wolbachia-carrying Aedes deployments on epidemiological or entomological dengue-related outcomes, utilizing either the population replacement or population suppression strategy.

Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently selected eligible studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. We used odds ratios (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) as the effect measure for dichotomous outcomes. For count/rate outcomes, we planned to use the rate ratio with 95% CI as the effect measure. We used adjusted measures of effect for cRCTs. We assessed the certainty of evidence using GRADE.

Main results: One completed cRCT met our inclusion criteria, and we identified two further ongoing cRCTs. The included trial was conducted in an urban setting in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It utilized a nested test-negative study design, whereby all participants aged three to 45 years who presented at healthcare centres with a fever were enrolled in the study provided they had resided in the study area for the previous 10 nights. The trial showed that wMel-Wolbachia infected Ae aegypti deployments probably reduce the odds of contracting virologically confirmed dengue by 77% (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.35; 1 trial, 6306 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). The cluster-level prevalence of wMel Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes remained high over two years in the intervention arm of the trial, reported as 95.8% (interquartile range 91.5 to 97.8) across 27 months in clusters receiving wMel-Wolbachia Ae aegypti deployments, but there were no reliable comparative data for this outcome. Other primary outcomes were the incidence of virologically confirmed dengue, the prevalence of dengue ribonucleic acid in the mosquito population, and mosquito density, but there were no data for these outcomes. Additionally, there were no data on adverse events.

Authors' conclusions: The included trial demonstrates the potential significant impact of wMel-Wolbachia-carrying Ae aegypti mosquitoes on preventing dengue infection in an endemic setting, and supports evidence reported in non-randomized and uncontrolled studies. Further trials across a greater diversity of settings are required to confirm whether these findings apply to other locations and country settings, and greater reporting of acceptability and cost are important.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

TF is a Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group (CIDG) Research Associate, and was not involved in the editorial process. She has no known conflicts of interest to declare.

YS works as a systematic reviewer for Cochrane Response, an evidence services unit operated by Cochrane, and was not involved in the editorial process. She has no known conflicts of interest to declare.

IAR has been an employee of the Cochrane Central Executive Team (Cochrane Response/Evidence, Production & Methods Directorate) since 2021, and was not involved in the editorial process. She has no known conflicts of interest to declare.

WR has no known conflicts of interest to declare.

MC is a CIDG Editor, and was not involved in the editorial process. She has no known conflicts of interest to declare.

DD has no known conflicts of interest to declare.

GV works as senior systematic reviewer for Cochrane Response, an evidence services unit operated by Cochrane, and was not involved in the editorial process. She has no known conflicts of interest to declare.

YS, IAR, and GV were contracted by the World Health Organization (WHO) to conduct a systematic review on wMel‐Wolbachia‐carrying mosquitoes for the biocontrol of dengue virus infection in 2023 via Cochrane Response. The WHO report was conducted independently of this review, which is not associated with the WHO.

Figures

1
1
PRISMA diagram.
1.1
1.1. Analysis
Comparison 1: Prevalence of dengue virus infection, Outcome 1: All serotypes
2.1
2.1. Analysis
Comparison 2: Prevalence of dengue virus infection – subgroup analysis, Outcome 1: Subgroup investigations – dengue virus (DENV) serotype
3.1
3.1. Analysis
Comparison 3: Hospitalizations due to dengue fever (DF) or dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), Outcome 1: Hospitalizations due to DF or DHF
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

References

References to studies included in this review

Utarini 2021 {published data only}
    1. Anders K, Indriani C, Ahmad RA, Tantowijoyo W, Arguni E, Andari B, et al. Update to the AWED (Applying Wolbachia to Eliminate Dengue) trial study protocol: a cluster randomized controlled trial in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. BMC Trials 2020;21:429. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Anders KL, Indriani C, Ahmad RA, Tantowijoyo W, Arguni E, Andari B, et al. The AWED trial (Applying Wolbachia to Eliminate Dengue) to assess the efficacy of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments to reduce dengue incidence in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial. BMC Trials 2018;19(1):302. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Dufault SM, Tanamas SK, Idriani C, Ahmad RA, Utarini A, Jewell NP, et al. Reanalysis of cluster randomised trial data to account for exposure misclassification using a per-protocol and complier-restricted approach. medRxiv (pre-print) 2023. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Dufault SM, Tanamas SK, Indriani C, Utarini A, Ahmad RA, Jewell NP, et al. Disruption of spatiotemporal clustering in dengue cases by wMel Wolbachia in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Nature Scientific Reports 2022;12(1):9890. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Idriani C, Ahmad RA, Wiratama BS, Arguni E, Supriyati E, Sasmono RT, et al. Dengue epidemiology in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, before a randomized controlled trial of Wolbachia for arboviral disease control. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2018;99(5):1299-307. - PMC - PubMed

References to studies excluded from this review

Gesto 2021 {published data only}
    1. Gesto J, Ribeiro G, Rocha M, Dias F, Peixoto J, Carvhalo F. Reduced competence to arboviruses following the sustainable invasion of Wolbachia into native Aedes aegypti from Southeastern Brazil. Scientific Reports 2021;11(1):10039. - PMC - PubMed
Lozano 2022 {published data only}
    1. Lozano S, Pritts K, Duguma D, Fredregill C, Connelly R. Independent evaluation of Wolbachia infected male mosquito releases for control of Aedes aegypti in Harris County, Texas, using a Bayesian abundance estimator. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2022;16(11):e0010907. - PMC - PubMed
Lwin 2022 {published data only}
    1. Lwin MO, Ong Z, Panchapakesan C, Sheldenkar A, Soh LT, Chen I. Influence of public hesitancy and receptivity on reactive behaviours towards releases of male Wolbachia-Aedes mosquitoes for dengue control. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2022;16(11):e0010910. - PMC - PubMed
Mains 2016 {published data only}
    1. Mains JW, Brelsfoard CL, Rose RI, Dobson SL. Female adult Aedes albopictus suppression by Wolbachia-infected male mosquitoes. Scientific Reports 2016;6:33846. - PMC - PubMed
Nazni 2019 {published data only}
    1. Nazni WA, Hoffmann AA, NoorAfizah A, Cheong YL, Mancini MV, Golding N, et al. Establishment of Wolbachia strain wAlbB in Malaysian populations of Aedes aegypti for dengue control. Current Biology 2019;29(24):4241-8.e5. - PMC - PubMed
NCT03631719 {published data only}
    1. NCT03631719. Impact of Wolbachia deployment on arboviral disease incidence in Medellin and Bello, Colombia [World Mosquito Program – Colombia (WMP-COLOMBIA): the impact of city-wide deployment of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes on arboviral disease incidence in Medellin and Bello, Colombia]. clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03631719 (first received 15 August 2018).
Nguyen 2015 {published data only}
    1. Nguyen TH, Nguyen HL, Nguyen TY, Vu SN, Tran ND, Le TN, et al. Field evaluation of the establishment potential of wMelPop Wolbachia in Australia and Vietnam for dengue control. Parasites & Vectors 2015;8:563. - PMC - PubMed
Ribeiro dos Santos 2022 {published data only}
    1. Ribeiro dos Santos G, Durovni B, Saraceni V, Riback T, Pinto S, Anders K. Estimating the impact of the wMel release program on dengue and chikungunya incidence in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. medRxiv 2022. [DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.29.22273035] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Zeng 2022 {published data only}
    1. Zeng Q, She L, Yuan H, Luo Y, Wang R, Mao W, et al. A standalone incompatible insect technique enables mosquito suppression in the urban subtropics. Communications Biology 2022;5(1):1419. - PMC - PubMed

References to ongoing studies

Collins 2022 {published data only}
    1. Collins M, Potter G, Hitchings M, Butler E, Wiles M, Kennedy J, et al. EVITA dengue: a cluster-randomized controlled trial to EValuate the efficacy of Wolbachia-InfecTed Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in reducing the incidence of arboviral infection in Brazil. BMC Trials 2022;23(1):185. - PMC - PubMed
    1. NCT04514107. A cluster-randomized trial to EValuate the Efficacy of Wolbachia-InfecTed Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in reducing the incidence of arboviral infection in Brazil (EVITA Dengue). clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04514107 (first received 14 August 2020).
Ong 2022 {published data only}
    1. Liew C, Soh LT, Chen I, Ng LC. Public sentiments towards the use of Wolbachia-Aedes technology in Singapore. BMC Public Health 2021;21:1417. - PMC - PubMed
    1. NCT05505682. Impact of Project Wolbachia – Singapore on dengue incidence [Assessing the efficacy of male Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments to reduce dengue incidence in Singapore: a cluster randomized controlled trial]. clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05505682 (first received 18 August 2022). - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ong J, Ho SH, Soh SX, Wong Y, Ng Y, Vasquez K, et al. Assessing the efficacy of male Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments to reduce dengue incidence in Singapore: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial. BMC 2022;23:1023. - PMC - PubMed

Additional references

Alexander 2011
    1. Alexander N, Balmaseda A, Coelho IC, Dimaano E, Hien TT, Hung NT, et al. Multicentre prospective study on dengue classification in four South-east Asian and three Latin American countries. Tropical Medicine & International Health 2011;16(8):936-48. - PubMed
Bhatt 2013
    1. Bhatt S, Gething PW, Brady OJ, Messina JP, Farlow AW, Moyes CL, et al. The global distribution and burden of dengue. Nature 2013;496(7446):504-7. - PMC - PubMed
Bian 2010
    1. Bian G, Xu Y, Lu P, Xie Y, Xi Z. The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia induces resistance to dengue virus in Aedes aegypti. PLOS Pathogens 2010;6(4):e1000833. - PMC - PubMed
Bian 2013
    1. Bian G, Zhou G, Lu P, Xi Z. Replacing a native Wolbachia with a novel strain results in an increase in endosymbiont load and resistance to dengue virus in a mosquito vector. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2013;7(6):e2250. - PMC - PubMed
Blagrove 2013
    1. Blagrove M, Arias-Goeta C, Di Genua C, Failloux A, Sinkins SP. A Wolbachia wMel transinfection in Aedes albopictus is not detrimental to host fitness and inhibits chikungunya virus. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2013;7(3):e2152. - PMC - PubMed
Bourtzis 2014
    1. Bourtzis K, Dobson S, Xi Z, Rasgon J, Calvitti M, Moreira L, et al. Harnessing mosquito–Wolbachia symbiosis for vector and disease control. Acta Tropica 2014;132:S150-63. - PubMed
Brownstein 2003
    1. Brownstein JS, Hett E, O'Neill SL. The potential of virulent Wolbachia to modulate disease transmission by insects. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 2003;84:24-9. - PubMed
Cavany 2022
    1. Cavany S. AWED trial modelling. github.com/scavany/awed_trial_modeling/ (accessed 12 January 2024).
Cavany 2023
    1. Cavany S, Huber JH, Wieler A, Minh Tran Q, Alkuzweny M, Elliott M, et al. Does ignoring transmission dynamics lead to underestimation of the impact of interventions against mosquitoborne disease? BMJ Global Health 2023;8:e012169. - PMC - PubMed
CDC 2021
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dengue: symptoms and treatment (updated September 2021). www.cdc.gov/dengue/symptoms/index.html (accessed 25 August 2022).
CDC 2022
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mosquitoes with Wolbachia for reducing numbers of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (updated July 2022). www.cdc.gov/mosquitoes/mosquito-control/community/emerging-methods/wolba... (accessed 17 January 2023).
CDC 2023
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dengue around the world. www.cdc.gov/dengue/areaswithrisk/around-the-world.html (accessed 26 March 2024).
Cochrane Response 2021
    1. Henschke N, Villanueva G, Arévalo Rodriguez I, Cogo E, Hamel C, Petkovic J, et al. Systematic review on wMel Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes for the biocontrol of dengue virus infection. Cochrane Response 2021.
Dorigatti 2018
    1. Dorigatti I, McCormack C, Nedjati-Gilani G, Ferguson NM. Using Wolbachia for dengue control: insights from modelling. Trends in Parasitology 2018;34(2):102-13. - PMC - PubMed
Hadinegoro 2015
    1. Hadinegoro SR, Arredondo-García JL, Capeding MR, Deseda C, Chotpitayasunondh T, Dietze R, et al. Efficacy and long-term safety of a dengue vaccine in regions of endemic disease. New England Journal of Medicine 2015;373(13):1195-206. - PubMed
Higgins 2022
    1. Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022. Available from training.cochrane.org/handbook/archive/v6.3.
Hilgenboecker 2008
    1. Hilgenboecker K, Hammerstein P, Schlattmann P, Telschow A, Werren JH. How many species are infected with Wolbachia? – a statistical analysis of current data. FEMS Microbiology Letters 2008;281(2):215-20. - PMC - PubMed
Hughes 2014
    1. Hughes GL, Rasgon JL. Transinfection: a method to investigate Wolbachia-host interactions and control arthropod-borne disease. Insect Molecular Biology 2014;23(2):141-51. - PMC - PubMed
Jansen 2010
    1. Jansen CC, Beebe NW. The dengue vector Aedes aegypti: what comes next. Microbes and Infection 2010;12(4):272-9. - PubMed
Johnson 2015
    1. Johnson KN. The impact of Wolbachia on virus infection in mosquitoes. Viruses 2015;7(11):5705-17. - PMC - PubMed
Knerer 2020
    1. Knerer G, Currie CS, Brailsford SC. The economic impact and cost-effectiveness of combined vector-control and dengue vaccination strategies in Thailand: results from a dynamic transmission model. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2020;14(10):e0008805. - PMC - PubMed
McMeniman 2009
    1. McMeniman CJ, Lane RV, Cass BN, Fong AW, Sidhu M, Wang YF, et al. Stable introduction of a life-shortening Wolbachia infection into the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Science 2009;323(5910):141-4. - PubMed
Min 1997
    1. Min K, Benzer S. Wolbachia, normally a symbiont of Drosophila, can be virulent, causing degeneration and early death. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997;94(20):10792-6. - PMC - PubMed
Monath 2002
    1. Monath TP, McCarthy K, Bedford P, Johnson CT, Nichols R, Yoksan S, et al. Clinical proof of principle for ChimeriVax: recombinant live, attenuated vaccines against flavivirus infections. Vaccine 2002;15(20):7-8. - PubMed
Moreira 2009
    1. Moreira LA, Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Jeffery JA, Lu G, Pyke AT, Hedges LM, et al. A Wolbachia symbiont in Aedes aegypti limits infection with dengue, chikungunya, and Plasmodium. Cell 2009;139(7):1268-78. - PubMed
Moyes 2017
    1. Moyes CL, Vontas J, Martins AJ, Ng LC, Koou SY, Dusfour I, et al. Contemporary status of insecticide resistance in the major Aedes vectors of arboviruses infecting humans. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2017;15(1):e0009084. - PMC - PubMed
NEA 2022
    1. National Environment Agency. Wolbachia-Aedes mosquito suppression strategy (updated November 2022). www.nea.gov.sg/corporate-functions/resources/research/wolbachia-aedes-mo... (accessed 17 January 2023).
Nordin 2022
    1. Nordin NR, Arsad FS, Mahmud MH, Kamaruddin PS, Amir SM, Bahari NI, et al. Wolbachia in dengue control: a systematic review. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2022;10(F):501-12.
O'Neill 2018
    1. O’ Neill SL, Ryan PA, Turley AP, Wilson G, Retzki K, Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, et al. Scaled deployment of Wolbachia to protect the community from dengue and other aedes transmitted arboviruses. Gates Open Research 2018;2:36. - PMC - PubMed
Pinto 2021
    1. Pinto S, Riback T, Sylvestre G, Costa G, Peixoto J Dias F, et al. Effectiveness of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments in reducing the incidence of dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases in Niterói, Brazil: a quasi-experimental study. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021;15(7):e0009556. - PMC - PubMed
Rainey 2014
    1. Rainey S, Shah P, Kohl A, Dietrich I. Understanding the Wolbachia-mediated inhibition of arboviruses in mosquitoes: progress and challenges. Journal of General Virology 2014;95(3):517-30. - PubMed
Rasgon 2003
    1. Rasgon JL, Styer LM, Scott TW. Wolbachia-induced mortality as a mechanism to modulate pathogen transmission by vector arthropods. Journal of Medical Entomology 2003;40:125-32. - PubMed
Reich 2013
    1. Reich NG, Shrestha S, King AA, Rohani P, Lessler J, Kalayanarooj S, et al. Interactions between serotypes of dengue highlight epidemiological impact of cross-immunity. Journal of the Royal Society, Interface 2013;10(86):20130414. - PMC - PubMed
RevMan 2023 [Computer program]
    1. Review Manager (RevMan). Version 5.6.0. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2023. Available at revman.cochrane.org.
Ritchie 2021
    1. Ritchie SA, Devine GJ, Vazquez-Prokopec GM, Lenhart AE, Manrique-Saide P, Scott TW. Insecticide-based approaches for dengue vector control. In: Koenraadt CJ, Spitzen J, Takken W, editors(s). Innovative Strategies for Vector Control. Wageningen (the Netherlands): Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2021:59-89.
Ross 2022
    1. Ross PA, Robinson KL, Yang Q, Callahan AG, Schmidt TL, Axford JK, et al. A decade of stability for wMel Wolbachia in natural Aedes aegypti populations. PLOS Pathogens 2022;18(2):e1010256. - PMC - PubMed
Ryan 2019
    1. Ryan PA, Turley AP, Wilson G, Hurst TP, Retzki K, Brown-Kenyon J, et al. Establishment of wMel Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and reduction of local dengue transmission in Cairns and surrounding locations in northern Queensland, Australia. Gates Open Research 2019;3:1547. - PMC - PubMed
Soh 2021
    1. Soh S, Ho SH, Seah A, Ong J, Dickens BS, Tan KW, et al. Economic impact of dengue in Singapore from 2010 to 2020 and the cost-effectiveness of Wolbachia interventions. PLOS Global Public Health 2021;1(10):e0000024. - PMC - PubMed
Sterne 2019
    1. Sterne JA, Savović J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Blencowe NS, Boutron I, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials. BMJ 2019;366:l4898. - PubMed
Walker 2011
    1. Walker T, Johnson PH, Moreira LA, Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Frentiu FD, McMeniman CJ, et al. The wMel Wolbachia strain blocks dengue and invades caged Aedes aegypti populations. Nature 2011;476(7361):450-3. - PubMed
Wellcome 2022
    1. Wellcome. Trials of Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes scaled up in South America. wellcome.org/news/trials-wolbachia-carrying-mosquitoes-scaled-south-america (accessed 17 January 2023).
Werren 1997
    1. Werren J, O'Neill S. The evolution of heritable symbionts. In: O'Neill SL, Hoffmann AA, Werren JH, editors(s). Influential Passengers. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press, 1997.
WHO 2009
    1. World Health Organization. Dengue: guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44188 (accessed 1 September 2022).
WHO 2012
    1. World Health Organization. Global strategy for dengue prevention and control 2012–2020. apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/75303/9789241504034_eng.pdf (accessed 1 September 2022).
WHO 2018
    1. World Health Organization. Vaccine and immunization: dengue. who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/dengue-vaccines (accessed 15 July 2022).
WHO 2022a
    1. World Health Organization. Dengue and severe dengue. who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue (accessed 1 September 2022).
WHO 2022b
    1. World Health Organization. Global Vector Control Response Panel. who.int/news/item/11-04-2022-genuine-intersectoral-collaboration-is-need... (accessed 13 July 2022).
Wilder‐Smith 2019
    1. Wilder-Smith A, Flasche S, Smith PG. Vaccine-attributable severe dengue in the Philippines. Lancet Correspondence 2019;394(10215):2151-2. - PubMed
Yang 2021
    1. Yang X, Quam MB, Zhang T, Sang S. Global burden for dengue and the evolving pattern in the past 30 years. Journal of Travel Medicine 2021;28(8):146. - PubMed
Yen 1971
    1. Yen J, Barr R. New hypothesis of the cause of cytoplasmic incompatibility in Culex pipiens. Nature 1971;232:657-58. - PubMed

References to other published versions of this review

Fox 2023
    1. Fox T, Sguassero Y, Chaplin M, Rose W, Doum D, Arevalo-Rodriguez I, et al. Wolbachia-carrying Aedes mosquitoes for preventing dengue infection. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2023, Issue 3. Art. No: CD015636. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD015636] - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types