Prognostic significance of beat-to-beat variability of spatial heterogeneity of repolarization analyzed from a 5-minute resting electrocardiogram in coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background: Data on the prognostic significance of temporal variability of spatial heterogeneity of electrocardiographic repolarization in coronary artery disease (CAD) are limited.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of temporal variability of T-wave morphology analyzed from a 5-minute resting electrocardiogram in CAD.

Methods: The standard deviation (SD) of T-wave morphology dispersion (TMD-SD) and the SD of total cosine R-to-T were analyzed on a beat-to-beat basis from a 5-minute period of the standard resting 12-lead electrocardiogram obtained before the clinical stress test in 1702 patients with angiographically verified CAD and well-preserved left ventricular function.

Results: During an average of 8.7 ± 2.2 years of follow-up, 60 patients experienced sudden cardiac death/arrest (SCD/SCA) (3.5%), 69 patients nonsudden cardiac death (NSCD) (4.1%), and 161 patients noncardiac death (9.5%). TMD-SD was significantly higher in patients who experienced SCD/SCA than in other patients (1.72 ± 2.00 vs 1.12 ± 1.75; P = .01) and higher in patients who succumbed to NSCD than in other patients (1.57 ± 1.74 vs 1.12 ± 1.76; P = .04), but it did not differ significantly between patients who experienced noncardiac death and those without such an event (1.16 ± 1.42 vs 1.14 ± 1.79; P = .86). In the Cox multivariable hazards model, TMD-SD retained its significant association with the risk of SCD/SCA (hazard ratio 1.119; 95% confidence interval 1.015-1.233; P = .024) but not with the risk of NSCD (hazard ratio 1.089; 95% confidence interval 0.983-1.206; P = .103).

Conclusion: TMD-SD is independently associated with the long-term risk of SCD/SCA in patients with CAD.

Keywords: Electrocardiography; Repolarization; Sudden cardiac death; T-wave; T-wave morphology.