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. 2024 Mar 27:15:1298021.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1298021. eCollection 2024.

Detection of iodixanol-induced allergic reaction signals in Chinese inpatients: a multi-center retrospective database study using prescription sequence symmetry analysis

Dandan Zhang #  1 , Xinchen Yang #  2 , Zhangwei Yang  3 , Wei Sun  3 , Shunjie Chen  3 , Lingxiao Xu  4
Affiliations

Detection of iodixanol-induced allergic reaction signals in Chinese inpatients: a multi-center retrospective database study using prescription sequence symmetry analysis

Dandan Zhang et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to explore the signal detection method for allergic reactions induced by inpatient iodixanol injection.

Methods: A database of 3,719,217 hospitalized patients from 20 large Chinese general hospitals was processed and analyzed using the prescription sequence symmetry analysis (PSSA) method.

Results: 126,680 inpatients who used iodixanol and were concurrently treated with anti-allergic drugs were analyzed. In the medical records of these patients, only 32 had documented iodixanol allergies. Statistical analysis identified 22 drugs in 4 categories-calcium preparations, adrenergic/dopaminergic agents, glucocorticoids, and antihistamines-as marker drugs. With time intervals of 3, 7, and 28 days, the adjusted sequence ratios (aSRs) for all anti-allergics and the 4 categories were greater than 1. The 7-day aSRs were 2.12 (95% CI: 2.08-2.15), 1.70 (95% CI: 1.68-1.73), 3.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.75-2.30), 2.30 (95% CI: 2.26-2.35), and 1.95 (95% CI: 1.89-2.02), respectively. The proportions of adverse drug events indicated by each signal were as follows: all anti-allergics (2.92%-3%), calcium gluconate (0.19%-0.52%), adrenergic/dopaminergic agents (2.20%-3.37%), glucocorticoids (3.13%-3.76%), and antihistamines (1.05%-1.32%).

Conclusion: This first multi-center Chinese inpatient database study detected iodixanol-induced allergy signals, revealing that reactions may be much higher than those in collected spontaneous reports. Iodixanol risk exposure was closer to actual pharmaceutical care findings. PSSA application with ≤7-day intervals appears better suited for monitoring late allergic reaction signals with these drugs.

Keywords: Chinese inpatients; allergic reactions; iodixanol; multi-center study; prescription sequence symmetry analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Population screening flow chart for iodixanol application with prescription sequence symmetry analysis..
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Distribution of inpatients’ anti-allergic drugs count by category before and after iodixanol.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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