Plasma-based antigen persistence in the post-acute phase of COVID-19

Michael J Peluso¹, Zoe N Swank², Sarah A Goldberg³, Scott Lu³, Thomas Dalhuisen³, Ella Borberg², Yasmeen Senussi², Michael A Luna⁴, Celina Chang Song⁴, Alexus Clark⁴, Andhy Zamora⁴, Megan Lew⁴, Badri Viswanathan³, Beatrice Huang⁴, Khamal Anglin³, Rebecca Hoh⁴, Priscila Y Hsue⁵, Matthew S Durstenfeld⁵, Matthew A Spinelli⁴, David V Glidden³, Timothy J Henrich⁶, J Daniel Kelly³, Steven G Deeks⁴, David R Walt², Jeffrey N Martin³

Affiliations

¹ Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. Electronic address: michael.peluso@ucsf.edu.
² Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
³ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
⁴ Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
⁵ Division of Cardiology, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
⁶ Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.

PMID: 38604216
PMCID: PMC11650779
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00211-1

Plasma-based antigen persistence in the post-acute phase of COVID-19

Michael J Peluso et al. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024 Jun.

. 2024 Jun;24(6):e345-e347.

doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00211-1. Epub 2024 Apr 8.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. Electronic address: michael.peluso@ucsf.edu.
² Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
³ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
⁴ Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
⁵ Division of Cardiology, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
⁶ Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.

PMID: 38604216
PMCID: PMC11650779
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00211-1

No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

MJP reports consulting for Gilead Sciences and AstraZeneca and reports research support from Aerium Therapeutics outside the submitted work. SGD reports consulting for Enanta Pharmaceuticals and Pfizer and reports research support from Aerium Therapeutics outside the submitted work. DRW has a financial interest in Quanterix Corporation, a company that develops an ultra-sensitive digital immunoassay platform and is an inventor of the Simoa technology, reports being a founder of Quanterix Corporation, and also serves on its Board of Directors. DRW's interests were reviewed and are managed by Mass General Brigham and Harvard University in accordance with their conflict of interest policies. All other authors declare no competing interests. This work was supported with funding from the PolyBio Research Foundation for the LIINC Clinical Core and was supported by NIH/NIAID 3R01AI141003–03S1, NIH/NIAID R01AI158013, NIH/NIAID K23AI134327, and NINDS 1R01NS136197-01.

Figures

**Figure 1.**
(a) Quantitative measurement of SARS-CoV-2 spike, S1, and nucleocapsid antigens in plasma among all pandemic-era participants during the post-acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Dashed lines indicate limit of quantification for each antigen. Y-axis refers to concentration of antigen in picograms per mL. (b-e) Prevalence (values shown on Y axis are percentages) of SARS-CoV-2 antigen positivity in plasma among participants in the post-acute phase of COVID-19 in comparison to pre-pandemic participants. P-values represent chi-square and Fisher’s 2-sided exact test as appropriate. (b) Prevalence of any SARS-CoV-2 antigen positivity (Spike, S1 or nucleocapsid); (c) Spike antigen presence; (d) Nucleocapsid antigen presence; and (e) S1 antigen presence.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

Plasma-based antigen persistence in the post-acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Peluso MJ, Swank ZN, Goldberg SA, Lu S, Dalhuisen T, Borberg E, Senussi Y, Luna MA, Song CC, Clark A, Zamora A, Lew M, Viswanathan B, Huang B, Anglin K, Hoh R, Hsue PY, Durstenfeld MS, Spinelli MA, Glidden DV, Henrich TJ, Daniel Kelly J, Deeks SG, Walt DR, Martin JN. Peluso MJ, et al. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2023 Dec 29:2023.10.24.23297114. doi: 10.1101/2023.10.24.23297114. medRxiv. 2023. Update in: Lancet Infect Dis. 2024 Jun;24(6):e345-e347. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00211-1. PMID: 37961239 Free PMC article. Updated. Preprint.

References

1. Proal AD, VanElzakker MB, Aleman S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 reservoir in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Nat Immunol 2023;24(10):1616–1627. DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01601-2. - DOI - PubMed
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Plasma-based antigen persistence in the post-acute phase of COVID-19

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Plasma-based antigen persistence in the post-acute phase of COVID-19

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