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. 2024 Apr 11;14(1):8485.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57688-6.

Impact of different storage conditions with combined use of ethylene blocker on 'Shalimar' apple variety

Kartik Khera  1   2 , Felix Büchele  1 , Rachael Maree Wood  3 , Fabio Rodrigo Thewes  4 , Roger Wagner  4 , Michael Helmut Hagemann  2 , Daniel Alexandre Neuwald  5   6
Affiliations

Impact of different storage conditions with combined use of ethylene blocker on 'Shalimar' apple variety

Kartik Khera et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

This research investigates the impact of storage conditions on the quality and preservation of 'Shalimar' apples, a relatively new cultivar known for its resistance to apple scab and powdery mildew. The study explores the efficacy of different storage techniques such as regular atmosphere (RA), controlled atmosphere (CA), and dynamic controlled atmosphere with CO2 Monitoring (DCA-CD), as well as the integration of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at different storage temperatures (1 °C and 3 °C). Various fruit quality parameters were monitored under different storage conditions, including firmness, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, background color, respiration, ethylene production, and volatile compounds. The results indicate that the controlled atmosphere (CA) at 1 °C emerges as an efficient method for long-term storage. However, it is noted that CA storage may impact the apple aroma, emphasizing the need for a balance between preservation and consumer acceptability. On the other hand, DCA-CD at variable temperatures (approximately 2.5 °C) offers a promising approach for maintaining fruit quality and a higher concentration of volatile compounds. Integrating 1-MCP enhances firmness, but its impact varies across storage conditions. Principal component analysis (PCA) provides insights into the relationships between storage conditions, fruit quality, and volatile compounds. This study contributes valuable insights into optimizing storage strategies for 'Shalimar' apples, addressing sustainability and quality preservation in apple production.

Keywords: Malus domestica Borkh.; 1-methylcyclopropene; Controlled atmosphere; Dynamic control atmosphere; Regular atmosphere; Volatile organic compounds.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The figure illustrates the variations in oxygen levels (represented in blue) and temperature fluctuations (represented in orange) for DCA-CD during storage.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Firmness (N); (B) Titratable acidity (mEq); (C) Background color (Hue°); (D) Total soluble solids (Brix °) after 7 months of storage + 7 days of shelf-life) at different storages for 'Shalimar' variety, where ‘ + ’ denotes treatment with 1-MCP and ‘−’ denotes untreated fruit. Mean values with the same letter show no significant difference (Tukey test, p ≤ 0.05).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Respiration rate (A) and ethylene production (B) for ‘Shalimar’ apples at different storages 7 months and during shelf-life at 20 °C.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Volatile compounds at different storage techniques after 7 months of storage plus 7 days shelf-life at 20 °C. The color scale illustrates the scaled abundance of each compound, where a lighter shade indicates a lower abundance, while a darker shade signifies a higher abundance of the compound. The legend provides information on the minimum and maximum values for each compound in µg/l.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Principal component analysis (PCA) for quality parameters (A) and volatile compounds (B) for ‘Shalimar’ apple after 7 months plus 7 days of shelf-life at 20 °C.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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