Bone-Level Tapered Implants for Single Tooth Replacement: Immediate vs Delayed Placement-A Multicenter Randomized Controlled, 1-Year, Non-inferiority Clinical Study

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of immediate and delayed implant placement with bone-level tapered implants.

Materials and methods: In this post-market, multicenter prospective randomized controlled study with a primary endpoint of 1 year, 53 patients were randomized to receive either immediate implant placement (test group) or delayed implant placement (control group). The mean crestal bone level changes from implant loading to 12 months postloading were measured using standardized digital periapical radiographs. Changes in facial plate thickness (as measured on CBCT images), implant success and survival, implant stability, soft tissue changes, patient-centered outcomes, and adverse events were measured to assess outcomes between the test and control treatments at 12 months postloading.

Results: Of the original 53 patients, 46 patients completed the study (23 in each group). Mean bone changes from loading to the 12-month follow-up were recorded with no statistically significant difference (P = .950) between the groups. The hypothesis was confirmed that immediate implant placement (test) in extraction sockets produces in similar outcomes as delayed placement (control). The test group was found to be similar to the control group (P = .022) in terms of mean changes in facial plate thickness. Implant survival and success were 95.8% in the test group and 92% in the control group. Stability in the control group was superior at the time of surgery, but there was no difference between the groups at implant loading, producing a nonsignificant P value of .563).

Conclusions: This randomized controlled multicenter study showed comparable outcomes 1 year after prosthetic loading in the immediate and delayed implant placement groups.

Keywords: complication; dental implant; marginal bone level; prospective study; randomized clinical trial; soft tissue.