2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

doi:10.1007/s10840-024-01771-5

. 2024 Aug;67(5):921-1072.

doi: 10.1007/s10840-024-01771-5.

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

Stylianos Tzeis¹, Edward P Gerstenfeld², Jonathan Kalman^{3

4}, Eduardo Saad^{5

6}, Alireza Sepehri Shamloo⁷, Jason G Andrade⁸, Chirag R Barbhaiya⁹, Tina Baykaner¹⁰, Serge Boveda^{11

12}, Hugh Calkins¹³, Ngai-Yin Chan¹⁴, Minglong Chen¹⁵, Shih-Ann Chen¹⁶, Nikolaos Dagres¹⁷, Ralph J Damiano¹⁸, Tom De Potter¹⁹, Isabel Deisenhofer²⁰, Nicolas Derval²¹, Luigi Di Biase²², Mattias Duytschaever²³, Katia Dyrda²⁴, Gerhard Hindricks¹⁷, Meleze Hocini²¹, Young-Hoon Kim²⁵, Mark la Meir²⁶, Jose Luis Merino^{27

28}, Gregory F Michaud²⁹, Andrea Natale^{30

31

32

33}, Isabelle Nault³⁴, Santiago Nava³⁵, Takashi Nitta³⁶, Mark O'Neill³⁷, Hui-Nam Pak³⁸, Jonathan P Piccini³⁹, Helmut Pürerfellner⁴⁰, Tobias Reichlin⁴¹, Luis Carlos Saenz⁴², Prashanthan Sanders⁴³, Richard Schilling⁴⁴, Boris Schmidt⁴⁵, Gregory E Supple⁴⁶, Kevin L Thomas³⁹, Claudio Tondo^{47

48}, Atul Verma⁴⁹, Elaine Y Wan⁵⁰

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiology, Mitera Hospital, Athens, Greece. stzeis@otenet.gr.
² Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³ Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
⁴ Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne and Baker Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
⁵ Electrophysiology and Pacing, Hospital Samaritano Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
⁶ Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁷ Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁹ NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁰ Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
¹¹ Heart Rhythm Management Department, Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France.
¹² Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
¹³ Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
¹⁵ The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
¹⁶ Heart Rhythm Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
¹⁷ Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Charité University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
¹⁸ Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
¹⁹ Cardiovascular Center, OLV Hospital, Aalst, Belgium.
²⁰ Department of Electrophysiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University of Munich (TUM) School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany.
²¹ IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Cardiac Electrophysiology and Stimulation Department, Fondation Bordeaux Université and Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac-Bordeaux, France.
²² Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
²³ Department of Cardiology, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital, Bruges, Belgium.
²⁴ Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
²⁵ Division of Cardiology, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
²⁶ Cardiac Surgery Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
²⁷ La Paz University Hospital, Idipaz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain.
²⁸ Hospital Viamed Santa Elena, Madrid, Spain.
²⁹ Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
³⁰ Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA.
³¹ Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
³² Interventional Electrophysiology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA.
³³ Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Cardiology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
³⁴ Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec (IUCPQ), Quebec, Canada.
³⁵ Departamento de Electrocardiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología 'Ignacio Chávez', Ciudad de México, México.
³⁶ Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
³⁷ Cardiovascular Directorate, St. Thomas' Hospital and King's College, London, UK.
³⁸ Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
³⁹ Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
⁴⁰ Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, Linz, Austria.
⁴¹ Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
⁴² International Arrhythmia Center, Cardioinfantil Foundation, Bogota, Colombia.
⁴³ Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
⁴⁴ Barts Heart Centre and Welbeck Heart Health, London, UK.
⁴⁵ Cardioangiologisches Centrum Bethanien, Medizinische Klinik III, Agaplesion Markuskrankenhaus, Frankfurt, Germany.
⁴⁶ Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
⁴⁷ Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
⁴⁸ Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
⁴⁹ McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
⁵⁰ Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.

PMID: 38609733
DOI: 10.1007/s10840-024-01771-5

Free article

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

Stylianos Tzeis et al. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2024 Aug.

Free article

. 2024 Aug;67(5):921-1072.

doi: 10.1007/s10840-024-01771-5.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiology, Mitera Hospital, Athens, Greece. stzeis@otenet.gr.
² Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³ Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
⁴ Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne and Baker Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
⁵ Electrophysiology and Pacing, Hospital Samaritano Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
⁶ Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁷ Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁹ NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁰ Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
¹¹ Heart Rhythm Management Department, Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France.
¹² Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
¹³ Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
¹⁵ The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
¹⁶ Heart Rhythm Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
¹⁷ Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Charité University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
¹⁸ Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
¹⁹ Cardiovascular Center, OLV Hospital, Aalst, Belgium.
²⁰ Department of Electrophysiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University of Munich (TUM) School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany.
²¹ IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Cardiac Electrophysiology and Stimulation Department, Fondation Bordeaux Université and Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac-Bordeaux, France.
²² Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
²³ Department of Cardiology, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital, Bruges, Belgium.
²⁴ Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
²⁵ Division of Cardiology, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
²⁶ Cardiac Surgery Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
²⁷ La Paz University Hospital, Idipaz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain.
²⁸ Hospital Viamed Santa Elena, Madrid, Spain.
²⁹ Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
³⁰ Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA.
³¹ Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
³² Interventional Electrophysiology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA.
³³ Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Cardiology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
³⁴ Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec (IUCPQ), Quebec, Canada.
³⁵ Departamento de Electrocardiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología 'Ignacio Chávez', Ciudad de México, México.
³⁶ Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
³⁷ Cardiovascular Directorate, St. Thomas' Hospital and King's College, London, UK.
³⁸ Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
³⁹ Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
⁴⁰ Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, Linz, Austria.
⁴¹ Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
⁴² International Arrhythmia Center, Cardioinfantil Foundation, Bogota, Colombia.
⁴³ Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
⁴⁴ Barts Heart Centre and Welbeck Heart Health, London, UK.
⁴⁵ Cardioangiologisches Centrum Bethanien, Medizinische Klinik III, Agaplesion Markuskrankenhaus, Frankfurt, Germany.
⁴⁶ Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
⁴⁷ Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
⁴⁸ Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
⁴⁹ McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
⁵⁰ Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.

PMID: 38609733
DOI: 10.1007/s10840-024-01771-5

Corrected and republished in

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.
Tzeis S, Gerstenfeld EP, Kalman J, Saad EB, Shamloo AS, Andrade JG, Barbhaiya CR, Baykaner T, Boveda S, Calkins H, Chan NY, Chen M, Chen SA, Dagres N, Damiano RJ, De Potter T, Deisenhofer I, Derval N, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Dyrda K, Hindricks G, Hocini M, Kim YH, la Meir M, Merino JL, Michaud GF, Natale A, Nault I, Nava S, Nitta T, O'Neill M, Pak HN, Piccini JP, Pürerfellner H, Reichlin T, Saenz LC, Sanders P, Schilling R, Schmidt B, Supple GE, Thomas KL, Tondo C, Verma A, Wan EY. Tzeis S, et al. Heart Rhythm. 2024 Sep;21(9):e31-e149. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.03.017. Epub 2024 Apr 8. Heart Rhythm. 2024. PMID: 38597857 Review.

Abstract

In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017. Seven years after the last consensus, an updated document was considered necessary to define a contemporary framework for selection and management of patients considered for or undergoing catheter or surgical AF ablation. This consensus is a joint effort from collaborating cardiac electrophysiology societies, namely the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), the Asia Pacific HRS, and the Latin American HRS.

Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Catheter ablation; Surgical ablation.

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References

1. Calkins H, Brugada J, Packer DL, Cappato R, Chen SA, Crijns HJ, et al. HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for personnel, policy, procedures and follow-up. A report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) task force on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed and approved by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Europace. 2007;9:335–79. - PubMed
1. Calkins H, Kuck KH, Cappato R, Brugada J, Camm AJ, Chen SA, et al. 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow-up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design: a report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) task force on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); and in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology Foundation, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart Rhythm. 2012;9:632-96.e21. - PubMed
1. Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim Y-H, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, et al. 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary. J Arrhythm. 2017;33:369–409. - PubMed - PMC
1. January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, Chen LY, Cigarroa JE, Cleveland JC Jr, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society in collaboration with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation. 2019;140:e125-51. - PubMed
1. Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, Arbelo E, Bax JJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, et al. 2020 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): the task force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2021;42:373–498. - PubMed

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[1] Calkins H, Brugada J, Packer DL, Cappato R, Chen SA, Crijns HJ, et al. HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for personnel, policy, procedures and follow-up. A report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) task force on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed and approved by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Europace. 2007;9:335–79. - PubMed

[2] Calkins H, Brugada J, Packer DL, Cappato R, Chen SA, Crijns HJ, et al. HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for personnel, policy, procedures and follow-up. A report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) task force on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed and approved by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Europace. 2007;9:335–79. - PubMed

[3] Calkins H, Kuck KH, Cappato R, Brugada J, Camm AJ, Chen SA, et al. 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow-up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design: a report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) task force on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); and in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology Foundation, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart Rhythm. 2012;9:632-96.e21. - PubMed

[4] Calkins H, Kuck KH, Cappato R, Brugada J, Camm AJ, Chen SA, et al. 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow-up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design: a report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) task force on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); and in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology Foundation, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart Rhythm. 2012;9:632-96.e21. - PubMed

[5] Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim Y-H, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, et al. 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary. J Arrhythm. 2017;33:369–409. - PubMed - PMC

[6] Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim Y-H, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, et al. 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary. J Arrhythm. 2017;33:369–409. - PubMed - PMC

[7] January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, Chen LY, Cigarroa JE, Cleveland JC Jr, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society in collaboration with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation. 2019;140:e125-51. - PubMed

[8] January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, Chen LY, Cigarroa JE, Cleveland JC Jr, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society in collaboration with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation. 2019;140:e125-51. - PubMed

[9] Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, Arbelo E, Bax JJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, et al. 2020 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): the task force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2021;42:373–498. - PubMed

[10] Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, Arbelo E, Bax JJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, et al. 2020 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): the task force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2021;42:373–498. - PubMed

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2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

Affiliations

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

Authors

Affiliations

Corrected and republished in

Abstract

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Corrected and republished in

Abstract

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