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. 2024 Feb 6;12(4):2833-2845.
doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3964. eCollection 2024 Apr.

Study of active components and mechanisms mediating the hypolipidemic effect of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides

Guanwen Ding  1 , Xiao Guo  2 , Xiao Li  2 , Liping An  2 , Huawen Shi  3
Affiliations

Study of active components and mechanisms mediating the hypolipidemic effect of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides

Guanwen Ding et al. Food Sci Nutr. .

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a multifaceted metabolic disease, which is the major risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine provides valuable therapeutic strategies in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Inonotus obliquus has been used in traditional medicine to treat numerous diseases for a long time. To screen and isolate the fractions of I. obliquus polysaccharides (IOP) that can reduce blood lipid in the hyperlipemia animals and cell models, and investigate its mechanisms. The active component IOP-A2 was isolated, purified, and identified. In vivo, rats were randomly divided into blank control group (NG), the high-fat treatment group (MG), lovastatin group (PG), and IOP-A group. Compared with MG, the hyperlipidemic rats treated with IOP-A2 had decreased body weight and organ indexes, with the level of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) significantly decreased (p < .05), and level of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) significantly increased (p < .05). Hepatocyte steatosis in hepatic lobules was significantly reduced. In vitro, the accumulation of lipid droplets in the model of fatty degeneration of HepG2 cells was significantly alleviated, and cellular TC and TG content was significantly decreased (p < .01). Moreover, the expression of recombinant cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1) and Liver X Receptor α (LXRα) were up-regulated (p < .05) both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that IOP-A2 may exert its hypolipidemic activity by promoting cholesterol metabolism and regulating the expression of the cholesterol metabolism-related proteins CYP7A1, LXRα, SR-B1, and ABCA1.

Keywords: Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide; hyperlipidemia; hypolipidemic; isolation and purification.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts to declare.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
(a) Gel chromatography elution curve of IOP‐A fractions; (b) HPGPC elution curve of IOP‐A2; (c) 13C NMR spectrum of IOP‐A2.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
(a) Effects of IOP‐A on the body weight of rats; (b) rat liver index; (c)rat spleen index; (d) lipoprotein levels; (e) AST and ALT levels.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Histopathological analysis of liver sections stained with HE (400× magnification) (a) NG; (b) MG; (c) PG; (d) IOP‐A group.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
The effects of IOP‐A on expression of CYP7A1 and SR‐B1 in liver tissues. Results were presented as means ± SD (mean ± s, n = 8). Compared with NG, *p < .05; compared with MG, # p < .05.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
(a) Effects of IOP‐A2 on TC and TG contents in HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid (mean ± s, n = 6); (b) Effects of IOP‐A2 on TC and TG contents in HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid (mean ± s, n = 6); (c) Effects of IOP‐A2 on cell viability rate in HepG2 cells. Compared with NG, *p < .05, **p < .01; compared with MG, # p < .05, ## p < .01.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
(a) The effects of IOP‐A2 on expression of CYP7A1, LXRα, SR‐B1, and ABCA1 in HepG2 cells. Results were presented as means ± SD (mean ± s, n = 6). Compared with NG, *p < .05; compared with MG, # p < .05.
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
HepG2 cells stained with oil red O (400× magnification). (a) NG; (b) MG; (c) IOP‐A2‐L; (d) IOP‐A2‐M; (e) IOP‐A2‐H.
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