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. 2024 Apr 17;47(1):167.
doi: 10.1007/s10143-024-02410-3.

Comparison of decline in different cognitive domain in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus

Ondřej Rýdlo  1   2 , Adéla Bubeníková  3   4 , Klára Häcklová  5 , Petr Skalický  2 , Róbert Leško  2 , Adéla Ebelová  6 , David Netuka  7 , Vladimír Beneš IIIrd  2 , Vladimír Beneš  7 , Ondřej Bradáč  2   7
Affiliations

Comparison of decline in different cognitive domain in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus

Ondřej Rýdlo et al. Neurosurg Rev. .

Abstract

We sought to describe the cognitive profile of patients with Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Based on age and education correlated norms, we aimed to compare performance in each measured cognitive domain: executive functions (EFs), verbal memory (VM), non-verbal memory (nVM), visuoconstructional abilities (VA) and attention/psychomotor speed (A/PS). Patients diagnosed with iNPH underwent comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation before shunting. Their performance was compared to the age and education correlated norms. Correlation of different cognitive domains in iNPH profile was performed. A total of 53 iNPH patients (73.21 ± 5.48 years) were included in the study. All of the measured cognitive domains were significantly damaged. The most affected domains were EFs and VM (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). A/PS domain was affected milder than EFs and VM (p<0.001). The least affected domains were nVM (p<0.001) and VA (p<0.001). Patients with iNPH are affected in all cognitive domains and the cognitive decline is uneven across these domains. The impairment of memory was shown to depend on the presented material. VM was shown to be much more severely affected than nVM and along with VM, EFs were shown to be the most affected. A/PS speed was shown to be less affected than VM and EFs and the least affected domains were nVM and VA.

Keywords: Cognitive decline, executive functions; Neuropsychology; Normal pressure hydrocephalus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Diagram depicting the patient selection in the present study. Used abbreviations: CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; LIT, lumbar infusion test. The Dutch Gait Scale includes a test of 10 features of walking and the number of steps and seconds necessary for 10 m
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Correlation matrix of neuropsychological interdomain relationships. Presented numbers are p-values of each individual interdomain correlations. Used abbreviations: MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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