Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Apr 18;9(4):e015292.
doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2024-015292.

The global health community at international climate change negotiations

Kim Robin van Daalen  1   2   3 , Nanine Wyma  4   5 , Johanna Schauer-Berg  6 , Iris M Blom  7 , Juliette Mattijsen  8   9 , Razan Othman  10 , Mohamed Eissa  11 , Robbie M Parks  12 , Arthur Wyns  13 , Ahmed Taha Aboushady  14 , Muha Hassan  15 , Tarek Ezzine  16 , Salman Khan  17   18 , Menna-Allah Elsayed Zayed  19   20 , Sarah Neggazi  21   22 , Lujain Alqodmani  23 , Rachel Lowe  24   25   26
Affiliations

The global health community at international climate change negotiations

Kim Robin van Daalen et al. BMJ Glob Health. .
No abstract available

Keywords: Decision Making; Environmental health; Global Health; Public Health.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: AW is an advisor to the office of the COP28 Presidency. There are no other conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Health actors' attendance at United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)’s COP28 (1995–2023). (A) The absolute number of health actors attending COP1-28. (B) Percentage of health actors attending COP of total participation, grouped by Parties and Observer States and Observer Organisations (representatives of UN Secretariat and Related Bodies, UN Specialised Agencies or Related Organisations, Intergovernmental Organisations [IGOs], Non-Governmental Organisations [NGOs] and for COP28 representatives of Global Climate Action, Host Country Guests, and Temporary Passes). Note, Parties are those that have ratified the Convention and fully engage in negotiations. Observer States are those that have not yet completed their ratification of the Convention, and, therefore, do not yet have the right to vote on decisions. Observer Organisations do not have the right to vote on decisions and have more limited access to the convening (eg, they do have access to the plenary sessions, but not to smaller Party discussions). See the online supplemental material for further details on the methodology, including limitations.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Party and Observer State representatives associated with the Ministry of Health at COPs (1995–2023). (A) Representatives of the Ministry of Health, or Ministry of Health & Environment. (B) Ministers of Health or Ministers of Health & Environment. This figure focuses on representatives of Party and Observer State delegations, excluding representatives from Observer Organisations. See the online supplemental material for further details on the methodology, including limitations.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Party and Observer State health actors’ attendance at United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) COP 1–28 (1995–2023) by United Nations (UN) regional grouping and World Bank (WB) country income grouping. This figure excludes representatives from Observer Organisations as no information for their country is provided in UNFCCC documentation. (A) UN regional grouping. Note, health actors’ attendance from Western European and other states has been particularly driven by the attendance of Belgium delegates as part of the combined Ministry of Health and Environment (ie, Santé publique, Sécurité de la chaîne alimentaire et Environnement). (B) World Bank (WB) country income grouping. Parties with no classification available include formerly existing countries (eg, Yugoslavia), country groups (eg, European Union) and those pending release of national account statistics (eg, Venezuela). See the online supplemental appendix for further details on the methodology, including limitations. (C) Commitment to the Convention. Those with no classification include former countries (Yugoslavia, COP6) and Palestine (COP26).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. World Meteorological Organization . 2023 shatters climate records, with major impacts. 2023. Available: https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/2023-shatters-climate-records-major-im... [Accessed 23 Jan 2024].
    1. IPCC . Climate change 2023: synthesis report. contribution of working groups I, II and III to the sixth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change [core writing team, H. Lee and J. Romero (Eds.)]. Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC; 2023.
    1. Romanello M, di Napoli C, Green C, et al. . The 2023 report of the lancet countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for a health-centred response in a world facing irreversible harms. Lancet 2023;402:2346–94. 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01859-7 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Deivanayagam TA, English S, Hickel J, et al. . Envisioning environmental equity: climate change, health, and racial justice. Lancet 2023;402:64–78. 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00919-4 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Singer M. Climate Change and Social Inequality. Routledge, 2018.