Effect of strength training with additional acupuncture on balance, ankle sensation, and isokinetic muscle strength in chronic ankle instability among college students

Abstract

Purpose: The effects of the combination of strength training and acupuncture on chronic ankle instability have not been studied. This study examined effects of strength training combined with acupuncture on balance ability, ankle motion perception, and muscle strength in chronic ankle instability among college students. Methods: Forty-six chronic ankle instability college students were randomly categorized into the experimental group (n = 24, strength training + acupuncture) and the control group (n = 22, strength training) for an 8-week intervention. Results: For the results at 8 weeks, compared with the baseline, in the experimental group, the chronic Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) score, ankle dorsiflexion, plantar flex, eversion peak torque (60°/s), and plantar flex peak torque (180°/s) increased by 13.7%, 39.4%, 13.7%, 14.2%, and 12.3%, respectively. Dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, and eversion kinesthetic sensation test angles decreased by 17.4%, 20.6%, 15.0%, and 17.2%, respectively. Anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement, and anterior-posterior and medial-lateral velocity decreased by 28.9%, 31.6%, 33.3%, and 12.4%, respectively. Anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement, and anterior-posterior and medial-lateral mean velocity decreased by 28.9%, 31.6%, 33.3%, and 12.4%, respectively. In the control group, the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool score and the ankle dorsiflexion peak torque (60°/s) increased by 13.8% and 17.9%, respectively. The inversion kinesthetic sensation test angle decreased by 15.2%, whereas anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement, and anterior-posterior and medial-lateral mean velocity decreased by 17.1%, 29.4%, 12.3%, and 16.8%, respectively. 2) For the comparison between the groups after 8 weeks, the values of ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flex peak torque (60°/s) in the experimental group were greater than those in the control group. The values of ankle plantar flex kinesthetic sensation test angle, the anterior-posterior displacement, and anterior-posterior mean velocity in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group. Conclusion: Acupuncture treatment in conjunction with muscle strength training can further improve the balance ability of anterior-posterior, ankle dorsiflexion, and plantar flex strength and plantar flex motion perception in chronic ankle instability participants.

Keywords: acupuncture; balance; chronic ankle instability; muscle strength; posture control.

FIGURE 1

Test the figure and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool scores. EG, experimental group; CG, control group; ankle strength training (A–D); ankle acupuncture (F–G); balance ability test (H); isokinetic strength test (I); plantar flex and dorsiflexion (J); invert and evert; Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (K); d, Cohen’s d.

FIGURE 2

Results of the balance ability test. EG, experimental group; CG, control group; d, Cohen’s d.

FIGURE 3

Results of the kinesthetic sensation test. EG, experimental group; CG, control group; d, Cohen’s d.

FIGURE 4

Results of the isokinetic strength test. EG, experimental group; CG, control group; d, Cohen’s d.