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Review
. 2024 Apr 5:15:1374466.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1374466. eCollection 2024.

Antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: navigating clinical impacts, current resistance trends, and innovations in breaking therapies

Ahmed Elfadadny  1   2 , Rokaia F Ragab  1   3 , Maha AlHarbi  4 , Farhad Badshah  5 , Eliana Ibáñez-Arancibia  6   7   8 , Ahmed Farag  9 , Amin Omar Hendawy  10 , Patricio R De Los Ríos-Escalante  8   11 , Mohamed Aboubakr  12 , Shadi A Zakai  13 , Wedad M Nageeb  14
Affiliations
Review

Antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: navigating clinical impacts, current resistance trends, and innovations in breaking therapies

Ahmed Elfadadny et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium, is recognized for its adaptability and opportunistic nature. It poses a substantial challenge in clinical settings due to its complicated antibiotic resistance mechanisms, biofilm formation, and capacity for persistent infections in both animal and human hosts. Recent studies revealed a potential zoonotic transmission of P. aeruginosa between animals, the environment, and human populations which highlights awareness of this microbe. Implementation of the One Health approach, which underscores the connection between human, animal, and environmental health, we aim to offer a comprehensive perspective on the current landscape of P. aeruginosa management. This review presents innovative strategies designed to counteract P. aeruginosa infections. Traditional antibiotics, while effective in many cases, are increasingly compromised by the development of multidrug-resistant strains. Non-antibiotic avenues, such as quorum sensing inhibition, phage therapy, and nanoparticle-based treatments, are emerging as promising alternatives. However, their clinical application encounters obstacles like cost, side effects, and safety concerns. Effectively addressing P. aeruginosa infections necessitates persistent research efforts, advancements in clinical development, and a comprehension of host-pathogen interactions to deal with this resilient pathogen.

Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; pathogenicity; resistance; therapy; virulence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Clinical impact of P. aeruginosa infection in various organs of the human body, the figure was created with biorender.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic illustration of the key factors of P. aeruginosa pathogencity. WHO-designated critical pathogen, P. aeruginosa, exhibits intricate antimicrobial resistance, posing a global health threat and causing diverse clinical infections, the figure was created with biorender.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mechanism of antimicrobial resistance (acquired, intrinsic, and adaptive) of P. aeruginosa. Parts of the figure was edited from (Schütz and Empting, 2018), the figure was created with biorender.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Illustration showing the promising therapies to combat the outbreak of MDR P. aeruginosa, the figure was created with biorender.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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