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. 2024;35(1):186-208.

Obesity-Preventive Behaviors and Improvements in Depression among Diverse Utah Women Receiving Coaching from Community Health Workers

Grant R Sunada, Kathleen B Digre, Louisa A Stark, France Davis, Valentine Mukundente, Eruera Napia, Ana Sanchez-Birkhead, O Fahina Tavake-Pasi, Heather Brown, Stephen C Alder, Karen Gieseker, Nan Hu, Yelena Wu, Sara E Simonsen

Obesity-Preventive Behaviors and Improvements in Depression among Diverse Utah Women Receiving Coaching from Community Health Workers

Grant R Sunada et al. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2024.

Abstract

Objectives: This study evaluated how high versus low-intensity community wellness coaching and health behaviors were associated with changes in depression screen results over one year.

Methods: This was an analysis of secondary data collected in a 12-month obesity-related community health worker (CHW) program for 485 Utah women of color. Depression screen (Patient Health Questionnaire-2 score ³3) and self-reported fruit/vegetable consumption and physical activity (FV/PA) were recorded quarterly. Associations between FV/PA and changes in depression screen over time were evaluated in multivariable models.

Results: Positive depression screen prevalence declined over 12 months (21.7% to 9.5%) with no difference between study arms. Overall, FV ³5 times/day (AOR=1.5; 95% CI 1.0-2.2), any PA (AOR=3.1; 95% CI 1.5-6.4), and muscle strengthening activities (AOR=1.13; 95% CI 1.01-1.26) were associated with improved depression screen results over time.

Conclusion: These results indicate value in addressing and evaluating depression in obesity-related interventions in underserved communities.

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Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:. Current Depression Screen (PHQ-2) Prevalence Relative to Previous Screen by Randomized Coaching Arm among 485 Women of Color over 12 Months
Depression screening based on Patient Health Questionnaire–2 (PHQ–2). Category details: Missing = Skipped session or lost to follow up; Change to No = Previous positive and current negative; No = Previous and current positive; Change to Yes = Previous negative and current positive; Yes = Previous and current positive; Low-intensity wellness coaching included quarterly sessions. High intensity community wellness coaching included monthly coaching sessions with monthly social activities. Low intensity community wellness coaching including quarterly coaching sessions only.
Figure 2:
Figure 2:. Study enrollment, design, randomization and retention
Denominators for percentages are totals per respective randomized arm at baseline
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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