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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 May;31(3):225-237.
doi: 10.1007/s40292-024-00643-3. Epub 2024 Apr 26.

Comparison of Acute Effects of E-cigarettes With and Without Nicotine and Tobacco Cigarettes on Hemodynamic and Endothelial Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Shurjeel Uddin Qazi  1 , Muhammad Huzaifa-Ul-Haq Ansari  1 , Shamas Ghazanfar  1 , Syed Shahryar Ghazanfar  2 , Minaam Farooq  3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Comparison of Acute Effects of E-cigarettes With and Without Nicotine and Tobacco Cigarettes on Hemodynamic and Endothelial Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Shurjeel Uddin Qazi et al. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev. 2024 May.

Abstract

Introduction: Smoke from traditional cigarettes and e-cigarette aerosols have distinct chemical compositions that may impact blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) differently.

Aims: This study compared the impact of nicotine-containing e-cigarettes (EC+) versus nicotine-free (EC-) on BP, HR and endothelial markers, and assessed if EC+ posed fewer risks than tobacco cigarettes (TC).

Methods: Electronic databases were searched from inception until November 2023 for studies reporting changes in systolic and diastolic BP (SBP, DBP) and HR and endothelial parameters before and after the use of EC+, EC- and TC. Data were analyzed using weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: Fifteen studies (n = 752) were included in our meta-analysis. We demonstrate that EC+ significantly increased systolic BP (WMD = 3.41, 95% CI [0.1,6.73], p = 0.04], diastolic BP (WMD = 3.42, 95% CI [1.75, 5.09]; p < 0.01], and HR (WMD = 5.36 BPM, 95% CI [1.87, 8.85]; p < 0.01) compared to EC-. However, EC+ was observed to cause less detrimental effect on SBP (WMD = - 4.72 mmHg, 95% CI [- 6.58, - 2.86], p < 0.01), and HR (WMD = - 3.11 BPM, 95% CI [- 4.54, - 1.68]; p < 0.01) as compared to TC with no difference on DBP (WMD = - 1.14 mmHg, 95% CI [- 2.38, 0.1]; p = 0.07). EC+ also led to greater deterioration of endothelial parameters as compared to EC- but to a lesser degree as compared to TC.

Conclusion: EC+ shows greater impairment in hemodynamic and endothelial parameters than EC- but less than TC. Additional studies are needed to evaluate prolonged effects of EC use.

Keywords: Augmentation index; E-cigarettes; Heart rate; Hemodynamic effect; Juuling; Vape.

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References

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