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. 2024 Apr 11;25(8):4249.
doi: 10.3390/ijms25084249.

In Vivo Biocompatibility Study on Functional Nanostructures Containing Bioactive Glass and Plant Extracts for Implantology

Laura Floroian  1 , Mihaela Badea  2
Affiliations

In Vivo Biocompatibility Study on Functional Nanostructures Containing Bioactive Glass and Plant Extracts for Implantology

Laura Floroian et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

In this paper, the in vivo behavior of orthopedic implants covered with thin films obtained by matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation and containing bioactive glass, a polymer, and natural plant extract was evaluated. In vivo testing was performed by carrying out a study on guinea pigs who had coated metallic screws inserted in them and also controls, following the regulations of European laws regarding the use of animals in scientific studies. After 26 weeks from implantation, the guinea pigs were subjected to X-ray analyses to observe the evolution of osteointegration over time; the guinea pigs' blood was collected for the detection of enzymatic activity and to measure values for urea, creatinine, blood glucose, alkaline phosphatase, pancreatic amylase, total protein, and glutamate pyruvate transaminase to see the extent to which the body was affected by the introduction of the implant. Moreover, a histopathological assessment of the following vital organs was carried out: heart, brain, liver, and spleen. We also assessed implanted bone with adjacent tissue. Our studies did not find significant variations in biochemical and histological results compared to the control group or significant adverse effects caused by the implant coating in terms of tissue compatibility, inflammatory reactions, and systemic effects.

Keywords: in vivo study; orthopedic implant; plant extract.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
RX images of implants inserted in the humerus of guinea pigs: (a) lot I, (b) lot II, and (c) lot III.
Figure 1
Figure 1
RX images of implants inserted in the humerus of guinea pigs: (a) lot I, (b) lot II, and (c) lot III.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Urea (a) and creatinine (b) values of guinea pig groups.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Blood glucose (a) and pancreatic amylase (b) values of guinea pig groups.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Relative variation in total proteins of guinea pig groups versus the group with the Ti implant.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Relative variation in alkaline phosphatase of guinea pig groups versus the group with the Ti implant.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Relative variation in TGP of guinea pig groups versus the group with the Ti implant.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Superoxide dismutase values of guinea pig groups (* level of significance p < 0.5).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Catalase values of guinea pig groups (* level of significance p < 0.5).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Glutathione peroxidase values of guinea pig groups.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Histopathological images for liver (a,b), spleen (c,d), brain (e,f), heart (g,h), bone (i), and muscle (j).
Figure 10
Figure 10
Histopathological images for liver (a,b), spleen (c,d), brain (e,f), heart (g,h), bone (i), and muscle (j).
Figure 11
Figure 11
Metallic screws for implantation.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Implant surgery.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Calibration curve of SOD activity.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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