Litoamentenes A-K, eleven undescribed cembranoids with cytotoxicity from the South China Sea soft coral Litophyton amentaceum

Abstract

Eleven undescribed cembrane-type diterpenoids, named litoamentenes A-K (1-11), were isolated from the soft coral Litophyton amentaceum collected from the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data, comparison with the literature data, single crystal X-ray diffraction, quantum chemical calculations and TDDFT-ECD calculations. This is the first systematic investigation of L. amentaceum. In particular, compounds 1-3 are cembrane-type norditerpenoids that lack isopropyl side chains. Compound 6 is a cembrane-type norditerpenoid without a methyl group at C-4, the first natural product identified with this carbon skeleton. Compounds 6, 9 and 10 showed modest cytotoxicity against several human cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 3.99 to 14.56 μM.

Keywords: Cembrane-type diterpenoids; Cytotoxicity; Litoamentenes A–K; Litophyton amentaceum; Nephtheidae; Soft coral.