The Application Effect of Evidence-Based Targeted Nursing in Severe Preeclamptic Women and Its Impact on Maternal Psychological Status, Quality of Life, and Maternal-Infant Outcomes

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the application effect of evidence-based targeted nursing in severe preeclamptic women and its impact on maternal psychological status, quality of life, and maternal-infant outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 97 severe preeclamptic patients admitted to our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023. All patients met the complete inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on the different nursing intervention plans received by the patients, they were divided into a control group (n=47) and an observation group (n=50). Patients in the control group received routine nursing intervention, while patients in the observation group received evidence-based targeted nursing. A comparison was made between the two groups in terms of levels of psychological status indicators, quality of life, maternal pregnancy outcomes, neonatal outcomes, Apgar scores, and nursing satisfaction.

Results: (1) Psychological status indicators: Before the intervention, the two groups had no significant difference in EPDS scores and SAS scores (P > .05). After the intervention, the EPDS scores and SAS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.65 for EPDS scores and d = 0.72 for SAS scores), indicating a substantial reduction in depression and anxiety levels. (2) Quality of life: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the scores for health status, physiological function, and mental status between the two groups (P > .05). After the intervention, the scores for health status, physiological function, and mental status in the observation group were significantly higher than in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.58 for health status, d = 0.63 for physiological function, and d = 0.61 for mental status), suggesting a notable improvement in the overall quality of life for patients. (3) Maternal pregnancy outcomes: The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the control group was 42.55%, while in the observation group, it was 18.00%. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the observation group was significantly lower than in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.82), indicating a substantial reduction in adverse outcomes. (4) Neonatal outcomes and Apgar scores: The incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes in the control group was 46.81%, with an Apgar score of (7.13±1.05), while in the observation group, it was 22.00%, with an Apgar score of (7.96±1.17). The incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes in the observation group was significantly lower, and the Apgar scores were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.73 for adverse neonatal outcomes, and d = 0.68 for Apgar scores), indicating improved neonatal outcomes. (5) Nursing satisfaction: The nursing satisfaction in the control group was 80.85%, whereas in the observation group, it was 96.00%. The nursing satisfaction in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.86), reflecting a higher level of satisfaction with the evidence-based targeted nursing intervention.

Conclusion: Evidence-based targeted nursing intervention in severe preeclamptic women demonstrates significant benefits in improving maternal psychological well-being, quality of life, and maternal-infant outcomes. The intervention effectively reduces depression and anxiety levels, enhances overall quality of life, and reduces the incidence of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. The use of personalized care plans and enhanced patient education may contribute to these positive outcomes. Furthermore, evidence-based targeted nursing intervention promotes higher levels of nursing satisfaction and fosters better doctor-patient relationships. These findings highlight the importance of implementing evidence-based targeted nursing as a standard approach in the management of severe preeclampsia, ultimately improving the holistic care and well-being of both mothers and infants.