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. 2024 May 6:83:264-272.
doi: 10.2340/aos.v83.40623.

Enamel remineralisation prospect of Moringa Oleifera hydrogel, eggshell hydrogel versus sodium fluoride varnish on artificially demineralised primary teeth: in vitro study

Mona Essam Eliwa  1 , Yousra Mohamed  2 , Ehsan Hossam  1
Affiliations

Enamel remineralisation prospect of Moringa Oleifera hydrogel, eggshell hydrogel versus sodium fluoride varnish on artificially demineralised primary teeth: in vitro study

Mona Essam Eliwa et al. Acta Odontol Scand. .

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the present in vitro study is to investigate and compare the remineralising potential of Moringa Oleifera extract, eggshell, and sodium fluoride varnish on microhardness of artificially demineralised enamel of primary teeth with biomimetic minimally invasive approach following the world paradigm shift towards natural products in paediatric dentistry.

Material and methods: Sample size included 44 primary molars. The mineral content and surface microhardness of all specimens were initially assessed using energy dispersive x-ray examination (EDX) and Vickers microhardness. The specimens were artificially demineralised for 96 h at a temperature of 37°C and then reassessed directly after demineralisation. The demineralised enamel specimens were randomly divided into four groups according to the remineralisation regimen utilised. Group 1: Artificial saliva (control); Group 2: Sodium fluoride varnish; Group 3: Eggshell hydrogel; and Group 4: Moringa Oleifera hydrogel. The specimens were stored for 8 days and then subsequently evaluated using EDX and microhardness assessment by Vickers microhardness test and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: Regarding the microhardness test, there was a significant difference between the Moringa Oleifera group and Eggshell group compared to fluoride varnish (p < 0.05). Regarding EDX analysis, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between Moringa Oleifera group and Eggshell group compared to fluoride varnish as the highest values were for Moringa Oleifera and Eggshell. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between Moringa Oleifera and Eggshell in both the measurements.

Conclusion: Moringa Oleifera and Eggshell might be considered as a biomimetic natural material capable of guiding enamel tissue remineralisation in early carious lesion of primary teeth.

Clinical relevance: This research demonstrated the capability for early enamel caries to be remineralised using novel materials with a naturally counterpart implicated in biomineralisation as proved to be more effective than traditionally used fluoride varnish in primary teeth.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest in this study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Line chart representing all groups at baseline, after demineralisation and after remineralisation. For group C and group D after remineralisation stage showed insignificant difference between each other.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Bar chart representing all at baseline, after demineralisation and after remineralisation.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Bar chart representing mean and SD of elements Wt % at baseline stage for all groups.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bar chart representing mean and SD of elements Wt % at demineralisation stage for all groups.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Bar chart representing mean and SD of elements Wt % at remineralisation stage for all groups.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Group 1: control group (a): remineralisation. Group 2: fluoride varnish (b): after remineralisation. Group 3: Eggshell group (c): after remineralisation. Group 4: Moringa group (d): after remineralisation under magnification power 2000.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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