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. 2024 May 7;24(1):1255.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18742-0.

Trends in incidence and survival of childhood cancers in Khon Kaen, Thailand (2000-2019): a population-based Khon Kaen Cancer Registry study

Chanaporn Pinsuwan  1 , Chalongpon Santong  2 , Su-On Chainansamit  3 , Patcharee Komvilaisak  4 , Prapassara Sirikarn  5 , Surachai Phimha #  6 , Kunanya Suwannaying #  7
Affiliations

Trends in incidence and survival of childhood cancers in Khon Kaen, Thailand (2000-2019): a population-based Khon Kaen Cancer Registry study

Chanaporn Pinsuwan et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: In Thailand, the national health care system and nationwide standard treatment protocols have evolved over time, potentially influencing the trends in the incidence and survival rates of childhood cancers. However, further investigations are required to comprehensively study these trends in Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Methods: Childhood cancer patients aged 0-14 years (n = 541) who were diagnosed with one of the five most common cancers between 2000 and 2019 from the population-based Khon Kaen Cancer Registry were enrolled. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the demographic data, which are presented as numbers, percentages, means, and standard deviations. The trends in incidence between 2000 and 2019, including age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) and annual percent changes (APCs), were analysed using the Joinpoint regression model. Survival analysis was performed for 5-year relative survival rates (RSRs) according to the Pohar Perme estimator and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.

Results: The ASRs of the overall top 5 childhood cancer groups were 67.96 and 106.12 per million person-years in 2000 and 2019, respectively. Overall, the APC significantly increased by 2.37% each year for both sexes. The overall 5-year RSRs were 60.5% for both sexes, 58.2% for males, and 63.9% for females. The highest 5-year RSR was for germ cell tumours (84.3%), whereas the lowest 5-year RSR was for neuroblastoma (29.1%).

Conclusions: The incidence and survival rates of childhood cancers in Khon Kaen, Thailand, varied according to sex. The incidence trends increased over time, meanwhile, the relative survival rates rose to satisfactory levels and were comparable to those of other nations with similar financial status. The implementation of national health policies and adherence to national treatment guidelines have improved cancer diagnosis and treatment outcomes.

Keywords: Childhood cancers; Population-based; Relative survival; Trends in incidence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Trends in incidence of childhood cancers in Khon Kaen between 2000 and 2019
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Observed and relative survival of the overall top 5 childhood cancers in Khon Kaen, Thailand, between 2000 and 2019
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
a Relative survival of the overall top 5 childhood cancers in Khon Kaen, Thailand, between 2000 and 2019 by ICCC group. b Relative survival of leukemias in Khon Kaen, Thailand, between 2000 and 2019 by subgroups of acute lymphoid leukemias (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemias (AML). c Relative survival of lymphomas in Khon Kaen, Thailand, between 2000 and 2019 by subgroups of Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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